Primeras investigaciones sobre una estructura mortuoria singular de cazadores-recolectores en la Patagonia argentina: el entierro Shag

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03/2017
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Pascual Izquierdo Egea
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Arqueología Iberoamericana
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1989-4104
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El entierro Shag se ubica en la costa norte de la provincia de Santa Cruz, Patagonia argentina. Se trata de una estructura con morfología anular o de anillo, de aproximadamente 10 m de diámetro, conformada por rocas. La estructura fue alterada por pingüinos de Magallanes, quienes realizaron un pozo de nidificación y, como consecuencia, expusieron en superficie una serie de restos óseos humanos. Para la Patagonia no existen antecedentes de estructuras mortuorias similares a Shag. Se presenta una datación radiocarbónica, el plano de la estructura, determinaciones bioantropológicas, estudios de isótopos estables δ13C y δ15N, y análisis tafonómicos de los restos óseos. Se interpreta que el sitio corresponde a una estructura mortuoria de cazadores-recolectores datada en el Holoceno tardío. Los estudios isotópicos permiten inferir que el individuo analizado basó su dieta en recursos de ambientes marinos y terrestres.
The Shag burial is located in the Santa Cruz province along the northern coast of the Argentinian Patagonia. The Shag burial site is contained by a structure with annular or ring morphology made out of rocks and approximately 10 m in diameter. The structure was altered by Magellanic penguins that built a nesting well, exposing a series of human bone remains on the surface. There is no record of similar mortuary structures within Patagonia. This paper presents a number of data including absolute radiocarbon dates, the plan of the structure, bioanthropological determinations, stable isotope studies of d 13C and d 15N, and taphonomic analyses of the bone remains. The site is interpreted to as a hunter-gatherers mortuary structure dated to the Late Holocene. The isotopic studies on the individual allow us to infer a varied diet, in which both marine and terrestrial food products were consumed.
The Shag burial is located in the Santa Cruz province along the northern coast of the Argentinian Patagonia. The Shag burial site is contained by a structure with annular or ring morphology made out of rocks and approximately 10 m in diameter. The structure was altered by Magellanic penguins that built a nesting well, exposing a series of human bone remains on the surface. There is no record of similar mortuary structures within Patagonia. This paper presents a number of data including absolute radiocarbon dates, the plan of the structure, bioanthropological determinations, stable isotope studies of d 13C and d 15N, and taphonomic analyses of the bone remains. The site is interpreted to as a hunter-gatherers mortuary structure dated to the Late Holocene. The isotopic studies on the individual allow us to infer a varied diet, in which both marine and terrestrial food products were consumed.
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