Estudio comparativo sobre la eficacia de los tratamientos de intervención cognitiva entre pacientes con deterioro cognitivo secundario a daño neurológico focal y a patología neurodegenerativa
; Leis, Adriana Mónica ; Saux, Gaston Ignacio
; Somale, Verónica ; Allegri, Ricardo Francisco
; Cáceres, Fernando ; Demey, Ignacio Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2012
Editorial
Elsevier
Revista
Neurología Argentina
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1853-0028
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Introducción: Se ha publicado que los tratamientos de Intervención Cognitiva (IC) resultan eficacesen pacientes con deterioro secundario a dan? o neurológico focal (DNF), no sucediendolo mismo en pacientes con enfermedades neurodegenerativas (EN).Objetivo: Estudiar la efectividad de los tratamientos de IC comparando los resultados entrepacientes con DNF y EN.Disen? o/métodos: Se seleccionaron para el screening un total de 144 pacientes, que fuerondivididos en 3 grupos: DNF (G1), EN (G2) y causas mixtas (G3).En G1 se incluyeron particularmente pacientes con secuelas cognitivas postraumatismode cráneo y accidente cerebrovascular. En G2 se incluyeron pacientes con demenciasy deterioro cognitivo leve de etiología degenerativa. Los grupos fueron pareados segúnedad/escolaridad. Se compararon variables cognitivas, conductuales, funcionales y calidadde vida al inicio y al final del tratamiento.Resultados: Con posterioridad al tratamiento se encontraron diferencias significativas entrelos grupos en algunos aspectos de calidad de vida y memoria subjetiva. Con respecto ala evolución en G1 (n = 43) se produjeron mejorías en actividades básicas (-1,55; p = 0,04) einstrumentales (AIVD) (-1,63; p = 0,007) de la vida diaria, escala de memoria subjetiva (13,36;p = 0,02) e inventario neuropsiquiátrico (7,73; p = 0,03).En G2 (n = 34) se encontró una tendencia en mejorar AIVD (-1,3; p = 0,08) y aspectos decalidad de vida (-1,591; p = 0,06).En G3 (n = 12) no se evidenciaron cambios significativos.Conclusiones: En nuestra muestra la IC produjo mejorías significativas en algunos aspectoscognitivos, conductuales, funcionales y de calidad de vida. El beneficio fue mayor en pacientescon DNF. Este trabajo representa los resultados preliminares de un estudio amayor escalapoblacional.
Background Introduction: In recent years, an increasing number of studies published assessing the effectiveness of CT programs in patients with ABD have shown that these therapies may have beneficial effects on cognitive and functional measures. On the other hand, the efficacy of these type of treatment in patients with ND is still under debate. Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a Cognitive Training (CT) program in patients with Acquired Brain Damage (ABD) and neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Design/Methods: 144 patients were assessed with neuropsychological, neurological, neuropsychiatry and functional assessments. The sample was divided in three groups: ABD (G1), ND (G2) and mixed disorders (G3). G1 included mainly patients with Traumatic Brain injury and Stroke. G2 included patients with degenerative dementias and mild cognitive impairment. Groups were matched for age, education and number of CT sessions. The effects on cognition, behavioral, functional and quality of life (QOL) were considered as the primary outcome measures, and evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the CT program. Results: Within G1 patients (n = 43) an improvement was found in patient’s basic (-1.55;p0.04) and instrumental (-1.63;p0.007) activities of daily living (ADL) scores, subjective memory measures (13.36;p0.02) and in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (7.73;p0.03). In G2 (n = 34) an improving trend was found in instrumental ADL (-1.3;p0.08) and in some aspects of QOL (-1.59;p0.06). No significant differences were observed within G3 patients (n = 12). Conclusions: These results suggest that persons with ABD and neurodegenerative disease may improve some cognitive, behavioral, functional and QOL measures following a CT program. CT shows greater benefit for ABD patients.
Background Introduction: In recent years, an increasing number of studies published assessing the effectiveness of CT programs in patients with ABD have shown that these therapies may have beneficial effects on cognitive and functional measures. On the other hand, the efficacy of these type of treatment in patients with ND is still under debate. Objective: To evaluate and compare the effectiveness of a Cognitive Training (CT) program in patients with Acquired Brain Damage (ABD) and neurodegenerative diseases (ND). Design/Methods: 144 patients were assessed with neuropsychological, neurological, neuropsychiatry and functional assessments. The sample was divided in three groups: ABD (G1), ND (G2) and mixed disorders (G3). G1 included mainly patients with Traumatic Brain injury and Stroke. G2 included patients with degenerative dementias and mild cognitive impairment. Groups were matched for age, education and number of CT sessions. The effects on cognition, behavioral, functional and quality of life (QOL) were considered as the primary outcome measures, and evaluated at the beginning and at the end of the CT program. Results: Within G1 patients (n = 43) an improvement was found in patient’s basic (-1.55;p0.04) and instrumental (-1.63;p0.007) activities of daily living (ADL) scores, subjective memory measures (13.36;p0.02) and in the Neuropsychiatric Inventory (7.73;p0.03). In G2 (n = 34) an improving trend was found in instrumental ADL (-1.3;p0.08) and in some aspects of QOL (-1.59;p0.06). No significant differences were observed within G3 patients (n = 12). Conclusions: These results suggest that persons with ABD and neurodegenerative disease may improve some cognitive, behavioral, functional and QOL measures following a CT program. CT shows greater benefit for ABD patients.
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