Botanical quality controls and labeling of products derived from tropical fruits, Jujuy, Argentina
; Vignale, Nilda Dora ; Gurni, A. A. Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2023
Editorial
Asociación Argentina de Horticultura
Revista
Horticultura Argentina
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1851-9342
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Español
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Resumen
Los estudios de calidad de alimentos son importantes para verificar su autenticidad e investigar materias extrañas. El objetivo del presente trabajo se enfocó en aplicar los caracteres de valor diagnóstico de los frutos de papaya, higo, mango y tomate de árbol, para el control de calidad botánico y comparar el rotulado de productos derivados con la legislación vigente. Se analizaron 23 productos (industriales y artesanales) adquiridos en San Salvador de Jujuy utilizando técnicas micrográficas de raspado, disociado leve y reacciones histoquímicas combinadas. Se identificaron los caracteres diagnósticos (células epidérmicas poligonales, pelos tectores, glandulares, fibras, esclereidas, cristales, tubos laticíferos, granos de almidón, gotas lipídicas y pelos seminales), en mermeladas, jalea, dulces, chutney, vino artesanal, confitados y café de higo, que confirman la presencia de la materia prima, en correspondencia con las especificaciones del Código AlimentarioArgentino (Capítulo V). De los productos industriales, el 70% eran genuinos y el 30% se encontraban contaminados, mientras que, en productos artesanales, el 92% eran genuinos y el 8% estaban contaminados. En cuanto al rotulado, el 70% de los productos industriales cumplían con las especificaciones y el 30% no. Por otro lado, solo un 31% de los productos artesanales respondía a las especificaciones, mientras que el 69% restante no lo lograban. El método micrográfico constituye una estrategia confiable para confirmar el valor agregado que dicha calidad implica, en elaboraciones locales de la provincia de Jujuy.
Food quality studies are important to verify authenticity and investigate foreign matter. The objective of this work focused on applying the characters of diagnostic value of the fruits of papaya, fig, mango and tree tomato, for botanical quality control and comparing the labeling of derived products with current legislation. 23 products (industrial and artisanal) acquired in San Salvador de Jujuy were analyzed using scraping micrographic techniques, mild dissociation and combined histochemical reactions. Diagnostic characters (polygonal epidermal cells, tecting hairs, glandular hairs, fibers, sclereids, crystals, laticiferous tubes, starch grains, lipid droplets and seminal hairs) were identified in jams, jelly, sweets, chutney, artisanal wine, candied foods and fig coffee which confirm the presence of the raw material, in correspondence with the specifications of the Argentine Food Code (Chapter V). Of the industrial products, 70% were genuine and 30% were contaminated, while in artisanal products, 92% were genuine and 8% were contaminated. Regarding labeling, 70% of the industrial products met the specifications and 30% did not. On the other hand, only 31% of the artisanal products met the specifications, while the remaining 69% did not. The micrographic method constitutes a reliable strategy to confirm the added value that said quality implies in local preparations in the province of Jujuy
Food quality studies are important to verify authenticity and investigate foreign matter. The objective of this work focused on applying the characters of diagnostic value of the fruits of papaya, fig, mango and tree tomato, for botanical quality control and comparing the labeling of derived products with current legislation. 23 products (industrial and artisanal) acquired in San Salvador de Jujuy were analyzed using scraping micrographic techniques, mild dissociation and combined histochemical reactions. Diagnostic characters (polygonal epidermal cells, tecting hairs, glandular hairs, fibers, sclereids, crystals, laticiferous tubes, starch grains, lipid droplets and seminal hairs) were identified in jams, jelly, sweets, chutney, artisanal wine, candied foods and fig coffee which confirm the presence of the raw material, in correspondence with the specifications of the Argentine Food Code (Chapter V). Of the industrial products, 70% were genuine and 30% were contaminated, while in artisanal products, 92% were genuine and 8% were contaminated. Regarding labeling, 70% of the industrial products met the specifications and 30% did not. On the other hand, only 31% of the artisanal products met the specifications, while the remaining 69% did not. The micrographic method constitutes a reliable strategy to confirm the added value that said quality implies in local preparations in the province of Jujuy
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