Generación de biomasa y rendimiento en trigo frente a infecciones de Puccinia triticina y Pyrenophora tritici-repentis
; Fleitas, María Constanza
; Golik, Silvina Ines ; Simón, María Rosa Otros responsables
Fecha
2016-06-26
Editorial
Universidad Nacional del Litoral. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias
Revista
Fave Ciencias Veterinarias
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2346-9129
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Español
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El objetivo del presente trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de un patógeno fúngico biotrófico (Puccinia triticina), causal de la roya de la hoja (RH) y un necrotrófico (Pyrenophora tritici-repentis), causal de la mancha amarilla (MA) sobre los atributos fisiológicos vinculados a la generación de biomasa y rendimiento en trigo. Se condujo un ensayo durante 2012 y 2013 utilizando un diseño experimental en parcela sub-dividida con tres repeticiones. Las parcelas principales fueron las inoculaciones con los patógenos. Las sub-parcelas fueron: 1-Sin inóculo y aplicación de fungicida, 2-baja concentración de inóculo y 3-alta concentración de inóculo. Como sub-sub-parcela se sembraron 10 cultivares de trigo. Los resultados indican que MA afectó más la absorción de radiación a partir de mayores niveles de senescencia foliar, en tanto que RH afectó más la eficiencia en el uso de la radiación, probablemente por la interacción particular que los patógenos biotróficos presentan con las células del hospedante.
The present study was designed to determine the effects of inoculations of foliar disease pathogens with different nutritional habits: Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (necrothroph -PTR-) and Puccinia triticina (biotroph -LR-) on the physiological components of biomass generation, like absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (APAR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE), and on the yield production in wheat. Field experiments were carried out in 2012-2013 at FCAyF-UNLP using a split-split-plot design with three replications. The main plots were the pathogen inoculations. Subplots were inoculation treatments: 1- Without inoculation, 2- Low dose of spores concentration inoculation, 3- High dose of spores concentration. Ten cultivars were the sub-subplots. Foliar diseases decreased biomass production mainly explained by reductions in green leaf area, healthy area duration and reductions on APAR, showing higher declines under PTR inoculations. A detrimental effect in the RUE was detected at LR inoculations, which could be associated with the nutritional habit of the pathogen.
The present study was designed to determine the effects of inoculations of foliar disease pathogens with different nutritional habits: Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (necrothroph -PTR-) and Puccinia triticina (biotroph -LR-) on the physiological components of biomass generation, like absorbed photosynthetic active radiation (APAR) and radiation use efficiency (RUE), and on the yield production in wheat. Field experiments were carried out in 2012-2013 at FCAyF-UNLP using a split-split-plot design with three replications. The main plots were the pathogen inoculations. Subplots were inoculation treatments: 1- Without inoculation, 2- Low dose of spores concentration inoculation, 3- High dose of spores concentration. Ten cultivars were the sub-subplots. Foliar diseases decreased biomass production mainly explained by reductions in green leaf area, healthy area duration and reductions on APAR, showing higher declines under PTR inoculations. A detrimental effect in the RUE was detected at LR inoculations, which could be associated with the nutritional habit of the pathogen.
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