Conjuntos habitacionales de interés social en la ciudad de Tandil: Una propuesta metodológica para su localización
; Migueltorena, Alejandro 
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Fecha
06/2018
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Departamento de Geografía
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Cardinalis
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2346-8734
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Español
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Como respuesta al problema del déficit habitacional en las ciudades argentinas, agravado con la crisis económica, política y social que caracterizó al país entre los años 1999 y 2002, el Estado financió a partir del año 2003 la construcción de conjuntos habitacionales de interés social. En este contexto es que en el año 2004 se aprueban en la ciudad de Tandil (Argentina) la construcción de 439 viviendas de interés social, como producto del lanzamiento de varios programas y políticas habitacionales desarrollados en los ámbitos nacionales y provinciales (Plan Federal de Construcción de Viviendas y subprogramas asociados) y la mayor articulación entre organismos nacionales y las dependencias locales. Sin embargo, este hecho que en principio tendría un carácter positivo, ya que vendría a solucionar el problema del acceso a la vivienda de la población con menores recursos, no tardo en convertirse en problemas y focos de conflicto. Los problemas y conflictos acontecidos podrían agruparse en dos dimensiones, unos vinculados a la dimensión político-administrativa, que repercute en aspectos operativos de la construcción de las viviendas sociales y otros directamente vinculados a la dimensión locacional de estos conjuntos habitacionales. El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en presentar y aplicar un método de localización alternativo para el emplazamiento de cuarenta viviendas sociales desarrolladas a través de programas estatales, con el propósito de generar una mayor integración urbana y posibilitar el derecho a la ciudad para los adjudicatarios de estas viviendas sociales. El método adoptado es parte de los modelos de optimización (Bosque Sendra y Moreno Jiménez, 2007), los cuales permiten determinar la localización óptima de equipamientos, viviendas, infraestructuras y otros tipos de instalaciones, con el objeto de minimizar los desplazamientos (y otros costos asociados) de la población demandante y lograr una asignación óptima de cada instalación en base a algún criterio predefinido.
As a response to the problem of the housing deficit in Argentine cities, aggravated by the economic, political and social crisis that characterized the country between 1999 and 2002, the State financed since 2003 the construction of housing projects of social interest. In this context, in 2004, the construction of 439 homes of social interest was approved in the city of Tandil (Argentina), as a result of the launching of several housing programs and policies developed at national and provincial levels (Federal Construction Plan of Housing and associated subprogrammes) and the greater articulation between national organisms and the local dependencies. However, this fact would in principle have a positive character, since it would solve the problem of access to housing of the population with fewer resources, not slow to become problems and sources of conflict. The problems and conflicts could be grouped into two dimensions, some linked to the political-administrative dimension, which affects operational aspects of the construction of social housing and others directly linked to the locational dimension of these housing complexes. The objective of this work is to present and apply an alternative localization method for the placement of forty social housing developed through state programs, with the purpose of generating a greater urban integration and enabling the right to the city for the adjudicators of these social housing. The adopted method is part of the optimization models (Bosque Sendra and Moreno Jiménez, 2007). These models make it possible to determine the optimal location of equipment, housing, infrastructures and other types of facilities, in order to minimize displacement (and other associated costs) of the applicant population and achieve an optimal allocation of each facility based on some predefined criterion.
As a response to the problem of the housing deficit in Argentine cities, aggravated by the economic, political and social crisis that characterized the country between 1999 and 2002, the State financed since 2003 the construction of housing projects of social interest. In this context, in 2004, the construction of 439 homes of social interest was approved in the city of Tandil (Argentina), as a result of the launching of several housing programs and policies developed at national and provincial levels (Federal Construction Plan of Housing and associated subprogrammes) and the greater articulation between national organisms and the local dependencies. However, this fact would in principle have a positive character, since it would solve the problem of access to housing of the population with fewer resources, not slow to become problems and sources of conflict. The problems and conflicts could be grouped into two dimensions, some linked to the political-administrative dimension, which affects operational aspects of the construction of social housing and others directly linked to the locational dimension of these housing complexes. The objective of this work is to present and apply an alternative localization method for the placement of forty social housing developed through state programs, with the purpose of generating a greater urban integration and enabling the right to the city for the adjudicators of these social housing. The adopted method is part of the optimization models (Bosque Sendra and Moreno Jiménez, 2007). These models make it possible to determine the optimal location of equipment, housing, infrastructures and other types of facilities, in order to minimize displacement (and other associated costs) of the applicant population and achieve an optimal allocation of each facility based on some predefined criterion.
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