A Mesozoic dino-feast: multiple teeth marks on a sauropod dinosaur bone from the Upper Cretaceous of Patagonia and evidence on theropod feeding behavior
; Méndez, Ariel Hernán
; Ulloa Guaiquin, Karen Silvana
; Irazoqui, Facundo Martín
; Lee, Yuong Nam 
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Fecha
04/2025
Editorial
Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
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Publicación Electrónica de la Asociación Paleontológica Argentina
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2469-0228
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Las marcas de dientes en los huesos son evidencias utilizadas para inferir interacciones tróficas. En los dinosaurios carnívoros, esta evidencia es rara en el registro fósil. Describimos aquí un fragmento de hueso apendicular de saurópodo que exhibe marcas de dientes consistentes con múltiples productores de trazas. El especimen MPM-PV-19111 proviene de rocas del Cretácico aflorantes en la localidad de Cerro Fortaleza (Formación Cerro Fortaleza, Campaniano–Maastrichtiano), Provincia de Santa Cruz, Argentina. Conserva tres caras, dos con surcos y una tercera con “pits” poco profundos. Hay aproximadamente 100 impresiones (identificamos al menos 99 surcos y unos 19 “pits”), con surcos más o menos perpendiculares al eje principal del hueso. Los surcos varían de 1 a 3,5 mm de ancho y generalmente se estrechan distalmente. Los pits son circulares a subcirculares y de diámetro variable (1,5–4,00 mm). Estas trazas de alimentación son atribuibles a dinosaurios terópodos -abelisáuridos y megaraptóridos se registraron en la formación- de tamaño mediano a grande, cocodrilos notosúquidos y un posible pequeño mamífero indeterminado. Las marcas se consideran post-mortem debido a la ausencia de cicatrización del hueso circundante. El elevado número de marcas de dientes indica tanto mordidas fuertes y repetidas en un área restringida (¿comportamiento similar al de roer?), como también múltiples productores que probablemente mordieron el hueso en diferentes momentos, ya que los animales de menor tamaño intentarían evitar a los más grandes durante el proceso. Este estudio tiene como objetivo describir e interpretar el posible origen de las marcas conservadas en el ejemplar.
Marks left by teeth on bones are evidence for inferring trophic interactions. In carnivorous dinosaurs, such evidence is rare in the fossil record. We present here the description of a fragment of sauropod appendicular bone, which exhibits teeth marks consistent with multiple trace makers. The specimen MPM-PV-19111 comes from Cretaceous rocks outcropping at Cerro Fortaleza locality (Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. It preserves three faces, two bearing grooves, and a third bearing shallow pits. There are about 100 scars (we identified at least 99 grooves and 19 pits), with the grooves mainly oriented more or less perpendicular to themain axis of the bone. These grooves have a width ranging from 1 to 3.5 mm, and generally narrow distally. The pits and punctures are circular to subcircular and variable in diameter (1.5–4 mm). The feeding traces are attributable to theropod dinosaurs -abelisaurids and megaraptorids were recorded in the same formation- of mid to large body size, notosuchid crocodyliforms, and a possible indeterminate small mammal. The teeth marks are considered post-mortem based on the lack of healing on the surrounding bone. The high number of teeth marks suggests both repeated high-power bites in a restricted area (gnawing-like behavior?) and multiple producers, probably biting the bone at different moments since smaller-sized animals would intend to avoid the larger ones. This study aims to describe and interpret the possible origin of the bite marks preserved on this Cretaceous sauropod bone.
Marks left by teeth on bones are evidence for inferring trophic interactions. In carnivorous dinosaurs, such evidence is rare in the fossil record. We present here the description of a fragment of sauropod appendicular bone, which exhibits teeth marks consistent with multiple trace makers. The specimen MPM-PV-19111 comes from Cretaceous rocks outcropping at Cerro Fortaleza locality (Cerro Fortaleza Formation, Campanian–Maastrichtian), Santa Cruz Province, Argentina. It preserves three faces, two bearing grooves, and a third bearing shallow pits. There are about 100 scars (we identified at least 99 grooves and 19 pits), with the grooves mainly oriented more or less perpendicular to themain axis of the bone. These grooves have a width ranging from 1 to 3.5 mm, and generally narrow distally. The pits and punctures are circular to subcircular and variable in diameter (1.5–4 mm). The feeding traces are attributable to theropod dinosaurs -abelisaurids and megaraptorids were recorded in the same formation- of mid to large body size, notosuchid crocodyliforms, and a possible indeterminate small mammal. The teeth marks are considered post-mortem based on the lack of healing on the surrounding bone. The high number of teeth marks suggests both repeated high-power bites in a restricted area (gnawing-like behavior?) and multiple producers, probably biting the bone at different moments since smaller-sized animals would intend to avoid the larger ones. This study aims to describe and interpret the possible origin of the bite marks preserved on this Cretaceous sauropod bone.
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