Estrategias de escape de aves en ambientes urbanos
; Morelli, Federico Daniel ; Benedetti, Yanina ; Leveau, Lucas Matias 
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Fecha
10/2022
Editorial
Asociación Ornitológica del Plata
Revista
El Hornero
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0073-3407
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Español
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Resumen
Para huir de depredadores, las aves urbanas pueden elegir entre dos estrategias de escape: correr o volar. Estos comportamientos de huida presentan distintos costos para el individuo, teniendo el primero un menor gasto energético pero mayor riesgo de depredación y viceversa. Sin embargo, los factores que afectan la selección de una u otra estrategia han sido poco estudiados. Por lo tanto, el objetivo del estudio es analizar la variación de las diferentes estrategias de escape en aves en relación a factores intrínsecos (especie) o extrínsecos (variables ambientales, estación del año). Para esto, se investigaron los factores que influencian el comportamiento de huida de 433 individuos pertenecientes a 24 especies de aves urbanas. Se realizaron modelos lineales generalizados para determinar el efecto de los diferentes factores: cobertura vegetal e infraestructura, disturbios humanos, especie, estacionalidad, gregarismo, hábitat y tamaño del ave. La estrategia de vuelo fue preferentemente elegida durante la época reproductiva y cuando las aves formaban bandadas de mayor tamaño. A su vez, la probabilidad de seleccionar una u otra estrategia varió entre especies. Los resultados sugieren que el comportamiento de escape se ve influenciado por factores tanto intrínsecos como extrínsecos, y resaltan la capacidad de las aves para adaptar su comportamiento a las condiciones ambientales cambiantes.
When escaping from predators, urban birds may choose between two strategies: to run or to fly. These escape behaviors have different costs for the individual, the first having a lower energy expenditure but a higher risk of predation and vice versa. However, little is known about the factors affecting the selection of these strategies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the variation of different escape strategies in birds in relation to intrinsic (species) or extrinsic (environmental variables, season of the year) factors. To this end, factors that influence the flight behavior of 433 individuals belonging to 24 species of urban birds were analyzed. Generalized linear models were performed to determine the effect of the different factors: vegetation cover and infrastructure, human disturbances, species, seasonality, gregariousness, habitat, and bird size. The flight strategy was preferred during the breeding season and when birds formed larger flocks. Also, the probability of selecting one strategy or the other varied between species. The results suggest that escape behavior is influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and highlights birds’ ability to adapt their behavior to changing environmental conditions.
When escaping from predators, urban birds may choose between two strategies: to run or to fly. These escape behaviors have different costs for the individual, the first having a lower energy expenditure but a higher risk of predation and vice versa. However, little is known about the factors affecting the selection of these strategies. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the variation of different escape strategies in birds in relation to intrinsic (species) or extrinsic (environmental variables, season of the year) factors. To this end, factors that influence the flight behavior of 433 individuals belonging to 24 species of urban birds were analyzed. Generalized linear models were performed to determine the effect of the different factors: vegetation cover and infrastructure, human disturbances, species, seasonality, gregariousness, habitat, and bird size. The flight strategy was preferred during the breeding season and when birds formed larger flocks. Also, the probability of selecting one strategy or the other varied between species. The results suggest that escape behavior is influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors, and highlights birds’ ability to adapt their behavior to changing environmental conditions.
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