La palabra prosódica mínima en nivaĉle

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07/2019
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El Colegio de México
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Cuadernos de Lingüística de El Colegio de México
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2007-736X
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En muchas lenguas, existe una restricción prosódica sobre el tamaño mínimo de una palabra (McCarthy & Prince 1986). Se ha propuesto que la palabra de contenido mínima se equipara al pie mínimo permitido en una lengua. Dentro de la Teoría de la Optimidad este requisito de minimidad se corresponde con la propuesta que los pies deben ser binarios a nivel moraico o silábico (McCarthy & Prince 1993:90). En este contexto, la lengua nivaĉle (mataguaya) presenta un caso interesante ya que una sílaba cerrada (CVC) puede constituir un pie mínimo y así una palabra de contenido mínima. Dado que no existe evidencia independiente para sostener que las codas en nivaĉle son moraicas (excepto la glotal [ʔ]), una palabra monosilábica CVC no es ni bimoraica ni disilábica. Sin embargo, se propone que puede constituir tanto un pie como una palabra mínima.
In many languages, there is a restriction on the minimum prosodic size of a word (McCarthy & Prince 1986). Further, the minimal content word of a language has been equated with the minimal foot allowed in that language. In this vein, certain languages require that every content word either contain at least two moras or two syllables. This minimality requirement corresponds to the claim that feet must be binary under moraic or syllabic analysis (McCarthy & Prince 1993: 90). Nivaĉle presents an interesting case study in this regard. Specifically, in Nivaĉle, what is found is that a CVC syllable can stand alone as a word. However, because in the present analysis it is argued that there is no independent prosodic evidence for coda consonants (other than /ʔ/) being moraic, a Nivaĉle CVC word does not meet the bimoraic constraint. Nor, clearly, does a CVC word meet the bisyllabic constraint. It is proposed nonetheless that CVC in Nivaĉle, despite being monomoraic and monosyllabic, constitutes a Minimal Word and functions also as a minimal well-formed foot.
In many languages, there is a restriction on the minimum prosodic size of a word (McCarthy & Prince 1986). Further, the minimal content word of a language has been equated with the minimal foot allowed in that language. In this vein, certain languages require that every content word either contain at least two moras or two syllables. This minimality requirement corresponds to the claim that feet must be binary under moraic or syllabic analysis (McCarthy & Prince 1993: 90). Nivaĉle presents an interesting case study in this regard. Specifically, in Nivaĉle, what is found is that a CVC syllable can stand alone as a word. However, because in the present analysis it is argued that there is no independent prosodic evidence for coda consonants (other than /ʔ/) being moraic, a Nivaĉle CVC word does not meet the bimoraic constraint. Nor, clearly, does a CVC word meet the bisyllabic constraint. It is proposed nonetheless that CVC in Nivaĉle, despite being monomoraic and monosyllabic, constitutes a Minimal Word and functions also as a minimal well-formed foot.
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