Análisis de la genotoxicidad de material particulado recolectado en dos ciudades de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, mediante el ensayo de micronúcleos

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Fecha
12/2008
Editorial
Universidad de Bío Bío
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Theoria
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ISSN
0495-4548
eISSN
2171-679X
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Español
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En los ambientes urbanos, las partículas en suspensión y el material adsorbido a ellas constituyen uno de los contaminantes atmosféricos más importantes debido a que contienen compuestos con conocida actividad genotóxica, mutagénica o carcinogénica. Con el objetivo de evaluar la genotoxicidad de extractos orgánicos e inorgánicos de material particulado recolectado en dos ciudades de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina, (Córdoba y Río Ceballos), se empleó el ensayo de micronúcleos en Tradescantia pallida. Las muestras fueron obtenidas mediante un equipo colector de gran volumen y luego fueron extraídas con agua y dimetilsulfóxido para separar las fracciones acuosa y orgánica, respectivamente. Los resultados mostraron que la concentración de material particulado recolectado en Córdoba fue significativamente mayor a la de Río Ceballos, debido probablemente a diferencias en la intensidad de tránsito vehicular en ambas ciudades. Además se observó que el dimetilsulfóxido tuvo un efecto significativo en la formación de micronúcleos, lo cual podría enmascarar los resultados del ensayo para la fracción orgánica. Para la fracción acuosa, ambos sitios de muestreo mostraron un efecto significativo en su capacidad genotóxica con respecto a la formación de micronúcleos espontánea.
In urban environments, suspended particles and the material absorbed by them are one of the most impor-tant atmospheric pollutants due to the fact that they are formed by compounds with high genotoxic, mutagenic or carcinogenic activity. In order to assess the genotoxicity of organic as well as inorganic extracts ofparticle formed material collected in two cities of the province of Córdoba, Argentina, (Córdoba and RíoCeballos) the micronucleous assay was used in Tradescantia pallida. Samples were obtained using a highvolume collecting equipment and were then extracted with water and dimethilsulphoxide to separate aqueous and organic fractions, respectively. Results showed that the concentration of particle formed materialcollected in Córdoba was significantly higher than in Río Ceballos, probably due to differences in the inten-sity of vehicle traffic in both cities. It was also observed that the dimethilsulphoxide had a significant effecton the formation of micronuclei, which could mask the results of the assay for the organic fraction. In theaqueous fraction, the frequency of micronuclei in both sampling sites was significantly higher, in their genotoxiccapacity concerning the spontaneous formation of micronuclei.
In urban environments, suspended particles and the material absorbed by them are one of the most impor-tant atmospheric pollutants due to the fact that they are formed by compounds with high genotoxic, mutagenic or carcinogenic activity. In order to assess the genotoxicity of organic as well as inorganic extracts ofparticle formed material collected in two cities of the province of Córdoba, Argentina, (Córdoba and RíoCeballos) the micronucleous assay was used in Tradescantia pallida. Samples were obtained using a highvolume collecting equipment and were then extracted with water and dimethilsulphoxide to separate aqueous and organic fractions, respectively. Results showed that the concentration of particle formed materialcollected in Córdoba was significantly higher than in Río Ceballos, probably due to differences in the inten-sity of vehicle traffic in both cities. It was also observed that the dimethilsulphoxide had a significant effecton the formation of micronuclei, which could mask the results of the assay for the organic fraction. In theaqueous fraction, the frequency of micronuclei in both sampling sites was significantly higher, in their genotoxiccapacity concerning the spontaneous formation of micronuclei.
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