Comportamiento agresivo de hembras de jacana spinosa en el parque nacional Palo Verde, Costa Rica

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Fecha
11/2020
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Asociación Ornitológica
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Zeledonia
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1659-0732
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Los comportamientos agresivos pueden ser útiles para defenderse de predadores o paramantener la organización jerárquica dentro de un grupo familiar. Las jacanas (Jacana spinosa)son aves con organización grupal poliándrica. Las hembras de jacana protegen a su grupofamiliar mediante comportamientos agresivos. En este trabajo estudié los comportamientosde agresión indirecta (intimidatorios) y directa (hacia individuos conespecíficos) de 18 hembrasde jacana en relación con la ubicación de su grupo familiar dentro de un humedal en el ParqueNacional Palo Verde, Costa Rica. Además, evalúe la depredación de nidos en distintos hábitatsdentro del humedal. Las hembras exhibieron más comportamientos de agresión indirectacuando el grupo familiar estaba más cerca del borde del humedal, que fue el hábitat con mayordepredación de nidos. Las agresiones directas hacia conespecíficos fueron más frecuentes en elinterior del humedal. Las hembras aumentaron la frecuencia de sus comportamientos deagresión indirecta para alejar amenazas presentes en el borde del humedal. A su vez, lasagresiones hacia conespecíficos (interacciones para mantener jerarquías) fueron facilitadas poruna menor presencia de amenazas externas en el interior del humedal. Las hembras de jacanaspodrían estar regulando su agresividad debido a factores externos a su grupo, como la presenciade depredadores de nido.
Aggressive behaviors can be useful as a defense against predators or in maintaining hierarchical organizations within a family group.The Northern Jacana (Jacana spinosa) is a polyandrous bird species, where females are dominant and protect their family group with aggressive behaviors.I studied the indirect (intimidation) and direct aggressive behaviors (directed towards specific individuals) of 18 female jacanas in relation to the location of their family group within a wetland in Palo Verde National Park, Costa Rica.I also evaluated nest predation in different habitats within the wetland.The Northern Jacanas exhibited a higher frequency of indirect aggressive behavior when the family group was closer to the edge of the wetland, which was the habitat with the highest nest predation.Direct aggressive behavior (towards conspecifics) was more frequent in the interior of the wetland.Females increased indirect aggression (intimidation) to ward off threats present at the edge of the wetland.Aggressive intra-group interactions, useful for maintaining hierarchies, were facilitated by a lower presence of external threats in the interior of the wetland.Female jacanas could be regulating their aggressiveness due to factors external to their group, such as the presence of nest predators.
Aggressive behaviors can be useful as a defense against predators or in maintaining hierarchical organizations within a family group.The Northern Jacana (Jacana spinosa) is a polyandrous bird species, where females are dominant and protect their family group with aggressive behaviors.I studied the indirect (intimidation) and direct aggressive behaviors (directed towards specific individuals) of 18 female jacanas in relation to the location of their family group within a wetland in Palo Verde National Park, Costa Rica.I also evaluated nest predation in different habitats within the wetland.The Northern Jacanas exhibited a higher frequency of indirect aggressive behavior when the family group was closer to the edge of the wetland, which was the habitat with the highest nest predation.Direct aggressive behavior (towards conspecifics) was more frequent in the interior of the wetland.Females increased indirect aggression (intimidation) to ward off threats present at the edge of the wetland.Aggressive intra-group interactions, useful for maintaining hierarchies, were facilitated by a lower presence of external threats in the interior of the wetland.Female jacanas could be regulating their aggressiveness due to factors external to their group, such as the presence of nest predators.
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