Medios violentos y fiestas gauchas: el salto cinematográfico de Juan Moreira y el espíritu del Centenario

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Fecha
11/2021
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Vervuert-Iberoamericana
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Iberoamericana (Madrid)
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1577-3388
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Español
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Este artículo aborda, en primer lugar, la relación entre las versiones circenses del Juan Moreira (1879-1880) de Gutiérrez y la llegada del cine a la Argentina, en tanto espectáculos que figuran la entrada en la modernidad como un salto. A partir de tal configuración, se postula que cada aparición de Moreira en el cine se articula sobre: un uso de la violencia como medio legítimo, un estado de la técnica cinematográfica y una idea de fiesta. Finalmente, tomando como estudio de caso la versión entrenada en el Centenario de 1910, se plantea que, al ser un éxito de público pero un intento fallido de hacer de Moreira un gaucho patriota, la película visibiliza las fisuras de un proyecto de nacionalización de masas que avanzaba por vías escurridizas, no controlables por las élites modernizadoras.
This paper examines, in the first place, the relationship between the circus versions of Gutiérrez’s Juan Moreira (1879-1880) and the arrival of cinema to Argentina, considered as shows that represent the entrance to modernity as a leap. Based on this configuration, secondly, we argue that every appearance of Moreira on screen is founded on: a use of violence as a legitimate medium, a state of the cinematographic technique, and an idea of celebration. Finally, taking the adaptation released during the 1910 Centennial as a case study, we affirm that, being a public success but a failed attempt to turn Moreira into a patriotic gaucho, the film makes visible the cracks in a project of nationalization of the masses that was moving along elusive paths, not entirely controlled by the modernizing elites.
This paper examines, in the first place, the relationship between the circus versions of Gutiérrez’s Juan Moreira (1879-1880) and the arrival of cinema to Argentina, considered as shows that represent the entrance to modernity as a leap. Based on this configuration, secondly, we argue that every appearance of Moreira on screen is founded on: a use of violence as a legitimate medium, a state of the cinematographic technique, and an idea of celebration. Finally, taking the adaptation released during the 1910 Centennial as a case study, we affirm that, being a public success but a failed attempt to turn Moreira into a patriotic gaucho, the film makes visible the cracks in a project of nationalization of the masses that was moving along elusive paths, not entirely controlled by the modernizing elites.
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