Singularidad ontológica y antropológica en Fons Vitae, de Ibn Gabirol

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12/2014
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Universidade Federal de São Carlos
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Em curso
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2359-5841
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En este escrito se estudiará el problema de la singularidad ontológica y antropológica en Fons Vitae, la principial obra filosófica que se conserva de Ibn Gabirol. Para exponer su concepción, se presentarán dos tematizaciones alternativas: la concepción aristotélica de la singularidad ontológica, y la concepción aviceniana de la singularidad antropológica. Para Ibn Gabirol, la materia y la forma son los dos principios del ser y constituyen, a la vez, el horizonte de resolución conceptual de la totalidad de lo real. Ambas estructuran la totalidad de lo que existe, puesto que lo sumo oculto es la materia universal, y lo sumo manifiesto son las formas sensibles. La forma da el ser a las cosas, y manifiesta la presencia en todo lo existente de la Voluntad divina. Pero además, mediante el análisis intelectual el hombrepuede conocer, en grados crecientes, lo que es. Así se aproxima al mundo inteligible, provocando el retorno de cada cual a su semejante en el ámbito inteligible.
This paper intends to analyze the problem of ontological and anthropological singularity within Fons Vitae by Ibn Gabirol. First, some remarks are made about the Aristotelian conception of ontological singularity and the Avicennian conception of anthropological singularity. That will help to thoroughly grasp Gabirol´s thought on this particular point. According to Ibn Gabirol, matter and form are the principles of being. Both represent the horizon of conceptual resolution of all reality. Both define the totality of what exists, because the most hidden is the universal matter, while the most evident are the sensitive forms. Form gives its being to all existing things. At the same time, it reveals the presence of the Divine Will. Through intellectual analysis, man can know –in increasingly degree– what he is. Thus, he approaches the intelligible world, enacting the return of each one to what it is similar to each one in the intelligible ambit.
This paper intends to analyze the problem of ontological and anthropological singularity within Fons Vitae by Ibn Gabirol. First, some remarks are made about the Aristotelian conception of ontological singularity and the Avicennian conception of anthropological singularity. That will help to thoroughly grasp Gabirol´s thought on this particular point. According to Ibn Gabirol, matter and form are the principles of being. Both represent the horizon of conceptual resolution of all reality. Both define the totality of what exists, because the most hidden is the universal matter, while the most evident are the sensitive forms. Form gives its being to all existing things. At the same time, it reveals the presence of the Divine Will. Through intellectual analysis, man can know –in increasingly degree– what he is. Thus, he approaches the intelligible world, enacting the return of each one to what it is similar to each one in the intelligible ambit.
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