Centralidad y permanencia del pensamiento geopolítico en la historia reciente de Sudamérica (1944-2015)

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Fecha
10/2015
Editorial
Instituto de Desarrollo Económico y Social
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Estudios Sociales del Estado
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2422-7803
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La disciplina geopolítica posee una amplia tradición en Sudamérica pero no ha sido correlativamente analizada. A raíz de ello, brindamos un panorama general acerca de su pujante consolidación durante la segunda posguerra mundial, sus posteriores derivas centrales focalizando en algunos países (Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile), y repasamos sus perspectivas actuales, dominadas por la expansión de una “geopolítica crítica”. Como punto nodal, nos dedicamos a consignar los proyectos y los efectos que la geopolítica supo tener en la orientación política de la sociedad civil y, fundamentalmente, en los estados subcontinentales, bajo la hipótesis de que su incidencia fue realmente signifi cativa. Si en un principio la disciplina estuvo centralmente adosada a la esfera “militar”, hoy día se ha pluralizado profundamente. Nuestra investigación se sostiene en un amplio corpus de escritos sobre la problemática, que entendemos ha sido prácticamente inexplorado hasta aquí.
The geopolitical discipline has a long tradition in South America but has not been consecutively analyzed. Seeking to fi ll that void, we provide an overview about its vigorous consolidation during the second world war, subsequent we focus the diffusion of its central ideas in some countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile), and fi nally we review the current prospects, dominated by the expansion of a “critical geopolitics”. As a nodal point, we’ll review projects and effects that the geopolitical discipline used to have in the political orientation of civil society and, crucially, in the sub continental States, under the hypothesis that the incidence was really signifi cant. If at fi rst the discipline was centrally attached to the “military” sphere, today has deeply pluralized. We support our research in a large corpus of writings on the issue, which we understand has been virtually unexplored until now.
The geopolitical discipline has a long tradition in South America but has not been consecutively analyzed. Seeking to fi ll that void, we provide an overview about its vigorous consolidation during the second world war, subsequent we focus the diffusion of its central ideas in some countries (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile), and fi nally we review the current prospects, dominated by the expansion of a “critical geopolitics”. As a nodal point, we’ll review projects and effects that the geopolitical discipline used to have in the political orientation of civil society and, crucially, in the sub continental States, under the hypothesis that the incidence was really signifi cant. If at fi rst the discipline was centrally attached to the “military” sphere, today has deeply pluralized. We support our research in a large corpus of writings on the issue, which we understand has been virtually unexplored until now.
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