Determinantes sociales de salud y adherencia al tratamiento de la Diabetes tipo 2 en pueblo Qom

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06/2026
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Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León
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Salud Pública y Nutrición
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1870-0160
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Introducción: Se ha observado una alta prevalencia de Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 entre las poblaciones indígenas, con peores tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad que sus homólogas no originarias. Objetivo: Analizar las tensiones entre la adherencia al tratamiento de la Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 y determinantes sociales de la salud en una comunidad Qom. Material y método: Estudio exploratorio, cuanti-cualitativo realizado en 2024, muestreo por bola de nieve en adultos conformada por 47% de hombres y 53% mujeres, con un promedio de edad 52 años (±9.5). Se realizó en 40 hogares: Test de Morisky- Green, suplementado por entrevistas e intervención para responder a las preguntas de los participantes. Resultados: El 15,4% de los participantes adhería al tratamiento, siendo los hombres más cumplidores (p<0.005). La prescripción del medicamento está muy extendida pero su uso es inconsistente debido a determinantes estructurales, socioculturales y biológicos. Los participantes no realizan todas las comidas diarias, dependen de la disponibilidad de alimentos. Se compartieron estrategias alimentarias adaptadas a los alimentos que los participantes refirieron consumir habitualmente. Conclusión: La adherencia no puede comprenderse individualmente, sino como el resultado de un entramado de factores estructurales y simbólicos que configuran los itinerarios terapéuticos de los pacientes qom con DM2.
Introduction: A high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has been observed among indigenous populations, worse morbidity and mortality rates than their non-native counterparts. Objective: To analyze the tensions between adherence to type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment and social determinants of health in a Qom community. Material and method: Exploratory, quantitative-qualitative study carried out in 2024, snowball sampling in adults made up of 47% men and 53% women, with an average age of 52 years (±9.5). It was carried out in 40 households: Morisky-Green test, supplemented by interviews and intervention to answer the participants' questions. Results: 15.4% of the participants adhered to the treatment, with men being more compliant (p<0.005). The prescription of the drug is widespread, but its use is inconsistent due to structural, sociocultural and biological determinants. The participants do not eat all the daily meals; they depend on the availability of food. Dietary strategies adapted to the foods that the participants reported consuming regularly were shared. Conclusion: Adherence cannot be understood individually, but as a result of a network of structural and symbolic factors that shape the therapeutic itineraries of qom patients with DM2.
Introduction: A high prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus has been observed among indigenous populations, worse morbidity and mortality rates than their non-native counterparts. Objective: To analyze the tensions between adherence to type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment and social determinants of health in a Qom community. Material and method: Exploratory, quantitative-qualitative study carried out in 2024, snowball sampling in adults made up of 47% men and 53% women, with an average age of 52 years (±9.5). It was carried out in 40 households: Morisky-Green test, supplemented by interviews and intervention to answer the participants' questions. Results: 15.4% of the participants adhered to the treatment, with men being more compliant (p<0.005). The prescription of the drug is widespread, but its use is inconsistent due to structural, sociocultural and biological determinants. The participants do not eat all the daily meals; they depend on the availability of food. Dietary strategies adapted to the foods that the participants reported consuming regularly were shared. Conclusion: Adherence cannot be understood individually, but as a result of a network of structural and symbolic factors that shape the therapeutic itineraries of qom patients with DM2.
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