Redistribución de las precipitaciones sobre plantaciones forestales en un predio del partido de La Plata, Buenos Aires
; Rodríguez Vagaría, Alfonso Martín Otros responsables
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01/2013
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Universidad Nacional de la Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales
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Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía
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0041-8676
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Se analizó la distribución temporal de las precipitaciones y su redistribución bajo plantaciones forestales adultas de Pinus radiata (D. Don) y Eucalyptus viminalis (Labill) ubicadas en la estancia “El Centauro” (35° 3’ S – 57° 59’ O), a 20 km de la ciudad de La Plata. En el período de muestreo (2009 – 2011) se instalaron pluviómetros de registro semanal, fuera de las forestaciones, para la medición de la precipitación total. Para el mismo período y dentro de cada forestación, se colocaron pluviómetros y collarines de registro semanal para la medición de la precipitación directa y escurrimiento fustal, respectivamente. Los valores de intercepción derivaron del análisis del resto de los componentes. La precipitación total para el período considerado fue de 2258,7 mm, con una distribución estacional homogénea y mensual variable, estrechamente vinculada con las condiciones climáticas. El análisis de regresión sobre los componentes estudiados muestra ajustes lineales altos con valores de r > 0,8. Las variaciones interespecíficas, determinan valores de intercepción superiores en plantaciones de pino (27,2%/año) frente a las de eucalipto (12,2%/año), poseyendo estas últimas, mayores porcentajes de precipitación directa (84,2%/año frente a 69,2%/año en pino). El escurrimiento fustal se presenta con valores anuales pequeños e iguales para ambas especies (3,6%), distinguiéndose un retraso de su inicio en pinos frente al los eucaliptos (superados los 5,8 mm de precipitación total y 0,1 mm, respectivamente). El valor de retención máxima en pinos (17,2 mm) supera ampliamente las de eucaliptos (5,1 mm).
The temporal distribution of rainfall and its redistribution was analyzed in adult plantations of Pinus radiata (D. Don) and Eucalyptus viminalis (Labill) located in the ranch "El Centauro" (35° 3' S - 57° 59' W) at 20 km from the city of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. In the sampling period (2009 - 2011) rain gauges were installed outside the forestation for a weekly record of the total precipitation. For the same period and within each forestry, collars and rain gauges were installed for a weekly record of the direct precipitation and the stemflow, respectively. The Interceptation values were obtained from the analysis of the other components. The total precipitations of the period considered was 2258,7 mm, with a seasonal homogeneous distribution and a monthly variable distribution, closely related with the climatic conditions. The regression analysis of the components studied revealed high levels of linear fit with values of r > 0,8. There were interspecific variations with higher interception and retention values in pine (27,2%/year) than in eucalyptus plantations (12,2%/year), the latter having higher percentages of direct precipitation (84,2%/year against the 69,2%/year in pine). Stemflow occured with low annual values similar in both species (3,6%), distinguishing a delay of initiation in pines against the eucalyptus (exceeded the 5,8 mm and 0,1 mm of total precipitation, respectively). The high retention value pine (17.2 mm) exceeds the eucalyptus (5.1 mm).
The temporal distribution of rainfall and its redistribution was analyzed in adult plantations of Pinus radiata (D. Don) and Eucalyptus viminalis (Labill) located in the ranch "El Centauro" (35° 3' S - 57° 59' W) at 20 km from the city of La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. In the sampling period (2009 - 2011) rain gauges were installed outside the forestation for a weekly record of the total precipitation. For the same period and within each forestry, collars and rain gauges were installed for a weekly record of the direct precipitation and the stemflow, respectively. The Interceptation values were obtained from the analysis of the other components. The total precipitations of the period considered was 2258,7 mm, with a seasonal homogeneous distribution and a monthly variable distribution, closely related with the climatic conditions. The regression analysis of the components studied revealed high levels of linear fit with values of r > 0,8. There were interspecific variations with higher interception and retention values in pine (27,2%/year) than in eucalyptus plantations (12,2%/year), the latter having higher percentages of direct precipitation (84,2%/year against the 69,2%/year in pine). Stemflow occured with low annual values similar in both species (3,6%), distinguishing a delay of initiation in pines against the eucalyptus (exceeded the 5,8 mm and 0,1 mm of total precipitation, respectively). The high retention value pine (17.2 mm) exceeds the eucalyptus (5.1 mm).
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