Posguerras mediáticas en América Latina: La reforma de la Ley Orgánica de Comunicación en el Ecuador poscorreísta

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Fecha
11/2020
Editorial
Grupo Interuniversitario Postdata
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1515-209X
eISSN
1851-9601
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Español
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Resumen
Los gobiernos del giro a la izquierda en América Latina sostuvieron confrontativas relaciones con las instituciones mediático periodísticas y promovieron reformas regulatorias radicales en el sector. La crisis de dichas experiencias de gobierno abre interrogantes acerca de los legados de dichos conflictos. El presente trabajo se enfoca en la reforma de la controvertida Ley Orgánica de Comunicación movilizada desde el gobierno de Lenin Moreno y aprobada por ley en febrero de 2019 en Ecuador. La reconstrucción de proceso político de la contra-reforma muestra que el mismo formó parte central en la constitución de un gobierno, heredero de la “Revolución Ciudadana”, pero enfrentado a Rafael Correa desde la toma de posesión presidencial de su sucesor. Sin embargo, más allá del framing gubernamental de restitución de una regulación compatible con estándares internacionales de libertad de expresión, el proceso de debate legislativo movilizó a los contradictorios intereses regulados por la norma legal. El resultado final muestra que, si bien el sector empresarial vuelve a ganar cierto acceso privilegiado a la toma de decisiones, no se trata de un regreso al statu-quo ante, en virtud de la capacidad de los actores incorporados en la reforma correísta de movilizarse defensivamente y sostener sus posiciones en el marco legal reformado.
The governments of the left turn in Latin America maintained confrontational relations with the media-journalistic institutions and promoted radical regulatory reforms in the sector. The crisis of these experiences of government raises questions about the legacies of these conflicts. This work focuses on the reform of the controversial Organic Law of Communication mobilized by the Lenin Moreno’s government and approved by law in February 2019 in Ecuador. The reconstruction of the political process of the counter-reform shows that it was a central part in the constitution of a government, heir to the “Citizen Revolution”, but faced Rafael Correa since the presidential inauguration of his successor. However, beyond the governmental framing of restitution of a regulation compatible with international standards of freedom of expression, the legislative debate process mobilized the contradictory interests regulated by the legal norm. The final result shows that, although the business sector regains certain privileged access to decision-making, it is not a return to the status quo ante, by virtue of the ability of the actors incorporated in the correista reform to mobilize defensively and sustain their positions in the reformed legal framework.
The governments of the left turn in Latin America maintained confrontational relations with the media-journalistic institutions and promoted radical regulatory reforms in the sector. The crisis of these experiences of government raises questions about the legacies of these conflicts. This work focuses on the reform of the controversial Organic Law of Communication mobilized by the Lenin Moreno’s government and approved by law in February 2019 in Ecuador. The reconstruction of the political process of the counter-reform shows that it was a central part in the constitution of a government, heir to the “Citizen Revolution”, but faced Rafael Correa since the presidential inauguration of his successor. However, beyond the governmental framing of restitution of a regulation compatible with international standards of freedom of expression, the legislative debate process mobilized the contradictory interests regulated by the legal norm. The final result shows that, although the business sector regains certain privileged access to decision-making, it is not a return to the status quo ante, by virtue of the ability of the actors incorporated in the correista reform to mobilize defensively and sustain their positions in the reformed legal framework.
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