Plantas del sotobosque en el noreste de Misiones, Argentina: ¿Qué conservan las plantaciones de Araucaria angustifolia (Bertol.) Kuntze (Araucariaceae) respecto del bosque nativo?
; Cellini, Juan Manuel ; Arturi, Marcelo Fabián ; Medina, Micaela
; Plaza Berh, Maia C. ; Ritter, Luis Javier
; Lencinas, María Vanessa 
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Fecha
06/2020
Editorial
Fundación de Historia Natural Félix de Azara
Revista
Historia Natural
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0326-1778
eISSN
1853-6581
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Resumen
La vegetación del sotobosque juega un rol crucial en el funcionamiento de los ecosistemas forestales, respondiendo de un modo complejo a los disturbios, tales como cambios en la estructura forestal. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue comparar el sotobosque de plantaciones de Araucaria angustifolia con el del bosque nativo en el NE de Misiones, con la finalidad de evaluar su efecto en la conservación del sotobosque, a nivel de tipos biológicos y familias botánicas. Se seleccionaron 15 rodales de plantación y 15 zonas de bosque nativo remanente, aledañas a las mismas, donde se caracterizó la estructura forestal y el sotobosque, registrando para el mismo la cobertura por familia y tipo biológico (briofitas, helechos, pastos, cañas, hierbas, trepadoras, arbustos, árboles y otros). Se utilizaron análisis de varianza simples para la comparación de coberturas entre ambos sistemas, yentre plantaciones con diferente estructura forestal. Mediante análisis multivariados se compararon los ensambles de tipos biológicos entre bosque nativo y plantación. Aunque la cobertura de los tipos biológicos y familias difirió significativamente entre plantación y bosque nativo, algunos tipos biológicos y familias típicas del bosque nativo se encuentran con una representación similar en ambos sistemas. Asimismo, la cobertura de familias varió entre plantaciones con diferente densidad y área basal, de Araucaria angustifolia y total, por lo que un manejo de plantaciones que propicie la heterogeneidad estructural puede mejorar el valor de conservación de las mismas.
The plants in the understory play a key role in forest ecosystems, with complex responses to disturbances, as changes in the forest structure. The objective of this study was to compare the understory of A. angustifolia plantations and native forest in northeastern Misiones, in order to evaluate plantation effects on the understory conservation at level of plant families and plant life forms. 15 plantation units and 15 adjacent native forest zones were selected, where the forest structure and the cover of botanic families and plant life forms (bryophytes, ferns, grasses, canes, herbs, climbing plants, shrubs, trees and others) of the understory were characterized. We used oneway analysis of variance to test the difference in understory covers between plantations and native forests, as well as in plantations with different forest structure. Also, we performed multivariate analyses to compare life form assemblages. Although covers of each life form and family differed between plantations and native forests, some families and life forms typical from native forest were similarly represented in both systems. Also, cover of families varied among plantations with different Araucaria angustifolia and total density and basal area. Thus, a management that favors structural heterogeneity in araucaria plantations can enhance their conservation value for understory plants.
The plants in the understory play a key role in forest ecosystems, with complex responses to disturbances, as changes in the forest structure. The objective of this study was to compare the understory of A. angustifolia plantations and native forest in northeastern Misiones, in order to evaluate plantation effects on the understory conservation at level of plant families and plant life forms. 15 plantation units and 15 adjacent native forest zones were selected, where the forest structure and the cover of botanic families and plant life forms (bryophytes, ferns, grasses, canes, herbs, climbing plants, shrubs, trees and others) of the understory were characterized. We used oneway analysis of variance to test the difference in understory covers between plantations and native forests, as well as in plantations with different forest structure. Also, we performed multivariate analyses to compare life form assemblages. Although covers of each life form and family differed between plantations and native forests, some families and life forms typical from native forest were similarly represented in both systems. Also, cover of families varied among plantations with different Araucaria angustifolia and total density and basal area. Thus, a management that favors structural heterogeneity in araucaria plantations can enhance their conservation value for understory plants.
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