Dinámica del fitoplancton en tres lagos urbanos con diferentes estrategias de manejo: Análisis de floraciones estivales
; Vinocur, Alicia Liliana ; Izaguirre, Irina 
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Fecha
04/2019
Editorial
Asociación Argentina de Ecología
Revista
Ecología Austral
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ISSN
0327-5477
eISSN
1667-782X
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Resumen
Los lagos urbanos son ecosistemas que tienden a una rápida eutrofización y que pueden desarrollar floraciones fitoplanctónicas en el período estival. En tres lagos urbanos de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (Regatas, Rosedal y Centenario), sometidos a diferentes estrategias de manejo, durante el período cálido septiembre 2014 - abril 2015 se estudió la estructura y la dinámica del fitoplancton, y se analizó la composición de especies y de grupos funcionales, y su relación con parámetros ambientales y variables físicas y químicas del agua. Los muestreos se llevaron a cabo quincenalmente. Los tres lagos difieren en sus características limnológicas, en las especies dominantes y en los grupos funcionales, así como en la biomasa de fitoplancton y la tendencia al desarrollo de floraciones. El lago del Rosedal (hipereutrófico) mostró una clara dominanciade cianobacterias potencialmente tóxicas que alcanzaron niveles de abundancia propios de las floraciones.El lago de Regatas presentó la mejor calidad del agua, con la mayor transparencia y la menor biomasa de fitoplancton. El lago Centenario, con la mayor conductividad y nitrógeno total, estuvo claramente dominado por diatomeas. Este trabajo evidencia que el análisis del fitoplancton a partir de grupos funcionales constituye una herramienta valiosa para monitorear lagos eutróficos urbanos y para aplicar estrategias adecuadas de manejo en los mismos.
Urban lakes are ecosystems that tend to a rapid eutrophication, leading to the development of phytoplankton blooms in spring and summer. During the warm period, from September 2014 to April 2015 the structure and dynamics of the phytoplankton were studied in three urban lakes of the Buenos Aires city subjected to different strategies of management (Regatas, Rosedal, Centenario). The species composition and functional groups were analyzed, as well as the relationship between the community structure and the physical and chemical variables of the water and the main environmental parameters. Samplings were carried out fortnightly. The three lakes differ in their limnological characteristics, in the dominant species, their functional groups, as well as in the phytoplankton biomass, and their tendency to develop algal blooms. Rosedal Lake (hypereutrophic) showed a clear dominance of potentially toxic cyanobacteria that reached abundances proper of algal blooms. Regatas Lake presented the best water quality, with greater transparency and the lower phytoplankton biomass. Centenario Lake, with the highest values of conductivity and total nitrogen, was clearly dominated by diatoms. In this study it was evidenced that the analysis of the phytoplankton from functional groups constitutes a valuable tool for the monitoring of eutrophic urban lakes and to apply adequate management strategies in them.
Urban lakes are ecosystems that tend to a rapid eutrophication, leading to the development of phytoplankton blooms in spring and summer. During the warm period, from September 2014 to April 2015 the structure and dynamics of the phytoplankton were studied in three urban lakes of the Buenos Aires city subjected to different strategies of management (Regatas, Rosedal, Centenario). The species composition and functional groups were analyzed, as well as the relationship between the community structure and the physical and chemical variables of the water and the main environmental parameters. Samplings were carried out fortnightly. The three lakes differ in their limnological characteristics, in the dominant species, their functional groups, as well as in the phytoplankton biomass, and their tendency to develop algal blooms. Rosedal Lake (hypereutrophic) showed a clear dominance of potentially toxic cyanobacteria that reached abundances proper of algal blooms. Regatas Lake presented the best water quality, with greater transparency and the lower phytoplankton biomass. Centenario Lake, with the highest values of conductivity and total nitrogen, was clearly dominated by diatoms. In this study it was evidenced that the analysis of the phytoplankton from functional groups constitutes a valuable tool for the monitoring of eutrophic urban lakes and to apply adequate management strategies in them.
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