Las consecuencias indeseadas del dinero desde el punto de vista de la psicología y la Economía de la Felicidad
; Coll, Agustín Julián Otros responsables
Fecha
07/2023
Editorial
Pontificia Universidad Católica Argentina "Santa María de los Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Centro de Estudios en Economía y Cultura
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Cultura Económica
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1852-5342
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Español
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Resumen
El dinero es la herramienta central de muchos aspectos de la economía, empresas, individuos y gobiernos le otorgan al dinero un rol preponderante en la toma de decisiones. El objetivo principal del presente trabajo consistió en analizar las consecuencias del dinero en la sociedad desde diversos aspectos, a partir del repaso de la literatura de diversas disciplinas como lo son la Economía de la Felicidad, la psicología positiva y la psicología de la motivación. La metodología utilizada fue de carácter analítico – conceptual. Los avances en las distintas disciplinas dejan entrever que, en ocasiones, el uso del dinero termina provocando consecuencias indeseadas, muchas veces ocasionando un resultado exactamente opuesto al deseado. En efecto, incentivos monetarios pueden disminuir la motivación intrínseca de los empleados, afectando la productividad de las empresas y la felicidad de los trabajadores quienes, por su parte, no ven reflejado el aumento de sus ingresos en un aumento de felicidad en igual proporción. Lo mismo se observa a nivel agregado, donde a pesar de la obsesión de los gobiernos con el indicador del producto bruto interno, un aumento del mismo no equivale a mayores tasas de felicidad de la población, como explica, desde hace mucho tiempo, la Economía de la Felicidad. Nos encontramos, entonces, con compañías dispuestas a incurrir en un costo para aumentar su productividad y empleados dispuestos a vender su tiempo al mejor postor, pero en ocasiones ni unos obtienen la productividad deseada ni otros la felicidad que, creen, traerá el aumento en sus niveles de ingreso.
Money is the central tool of many aspects of the economy, companies, individuals and governments give money a preponderant role in decision making. The main objective of this work was to analyze the consequences of money in society from various aspects, based on a review of the literature of various disciplines such as the Economics of Happiness, positive psychology and the psychology of motivation. The methodology used was of an analytical-conceptual nature. The advances in the different disciplines suggest that, sometimes, the use of money ends up causing unwanted consequences, often causing a result exactly opposite to the desired one. Indeed, monetary incentives can reduce the intrinsic motivation of employees, affecting the productivity of companies and the happiness of workers who, for their part, do not see the increase in their income reflected in an increase in happiness in the same proportion. The same is observed at the aggregate level, where despite the obsession of governments with the indicator of the gross domestic product, an increase in it is not equivalent to higher rates of happiness of the population, as explained, for a long time, by the Economics of happiness. We find ourselves, then, with companies willing to incur a cost to increase their productivity and employees willing to sell their time to the highest bidder, but sometimes neither some obtain the desired productivity nor others the happiness that, they believe, the increase in their income levels will bring.
Money is the central tool of many aspects of the economy, companies, individuals and governments give money a preponderant role in decision making. The main objective of this work was to analyze the consequences of money in society from various aspects, based on a review of the literature of various disciplines such as the Economics of Happiness, positive psychology and the psychology of motivation. The methodology used was of an analytical-conceptual nature. The advances in the different disciplines suggest that, sometimes, the use of money ends up causing unwanted consequences, often causing a result exactly opposite to the desired one. Indeed, monetary incentives can reduce the intrinsic motivation of employees, affecting the productivity of companies and the happiness of workers who, for their part, do not see the increase in their income reflected in an increase in happiness in the same proportion. The same is observed at the aggregate level, where despite the obsession of governments with the indicator of the gross domestic product, an increase in it is not equivalent to higher rates of happiness of the population, as explained, for a long time, by the Economics of happiness. We find ourselves, then, with companies willing to incur a cost to increase their productivity and employees willing to sell their time to the highest bidder, but sometimes neither some obtain the desired productivity nor others the happiness that, they believe, the increase in their income levels will bring.
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