Fractionation and purification of molecules with supercritical fluids

Abstract

Supercritical fluid fractionation is a key green technology for processing natural liquid products to concentrate and purify active substances. Liquid feedstock can be processed continuously, increas-ing the recovery of target products while reducing operating costs. The primary focus in column design is on extraction capacity, enhancing selectivity, and improving energy efficiency to boost profitability. In this chapter, we review important aspects related to the design and operation of supercritical packed columns, including phase equilibria and the roll of essential fluid properties, such as density and viscosity. We discussed the use of bench- and pilot-scale high-pressure packed columns for proof of concept, mass transfer evaluation, and model testing, all of which are useful for scaling up. Additionally, current industry and near-to-industry applications are reviewed, high-lighting relevant aspects and identifying opportunities that could facilitate a greater integration of this technology in the coming years.