On a new equivalence relation for matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials

Abstract

In this work, we give some criteria that allow us to decide when two sequences of matrix-valued orthogonal polynomials are related via a Darboux transformation and how to build such a transformation explicitly. In particular, they allow us to see when and how any given sequence of polynomials is Darboux-related to classic orthogonal polynomials. We also explore the notion of Darboux-irreducibility and study some sequences that are not a Darboux transformation of classical orthogonal polynomials.