Hacia una modelo integral de ciudadanía. El debate liberal-comunitarista y los retos del republicanismo

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Fecha
12/2013
Editorial
Universidad de Zulia
Revista
Utopía y Praxis Latinoamericana
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Institución organizadora
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1316-5216
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Resumen
El trabajo busca explorar las nociones de ciudadanía que se desprenden de las reflexiones de las corrientes liberal, comunitarista y republicana de la filosofía moral y política, poniendo especial atención en los alcances y limitaciones de cada una en la construcción de un concepto de ciudadanía dinámico, participativo e inclusivo, acorde con los requerimientos de democracia radical y pluralismo cultural de las sociedades contemporáneas. Como hipótesis de trabajo se asumirá que, frente a las concepciones liberal y comunitarista de la ciudadanía, el modelo republicano intercultural nos conduce a una noción compleja, dinámica e inclusiva de la ciudadanía que rescata y sintetiza los valores de igualdad y libertad así como el estatus jurídico del modelo liberal (en sus versiones individualista e igualitaria), a la vez que introduce la esencia de los valores participativos de la corriente comunitarista, otorgando un alto grado de importancia al desarrollo de sentimientos de pertenencia e identificación del individuo con la comunidad política. De esta suerte, la concepción republicana no se asienta sobre la primacía ontológica del individuo ni sobre la supremacía de la comunidad, sino que destaca la importancia de la participación política en un modelo de ciudadanía democrática que incorpora el pluralismo cultural.
This article reconstructs the debate about the scope and limitation of citizenship, opened by liberal North American philosophers (libertarian and egalitarian) in the 1970s, continued by communitarians and republicans in the following decades and which, to this day, has no definitive resolution. The objective is to analyze the contributions of each current to the construction of a concept of dynamic, participative and inclusive citizenship, according to the requirements for radical democracy and cultural pluralism in contemporary societies. Radical democracy will be understood as the vision of democracy that begins by recognizing the impossibility of building society as a closed, totalized, self-sufficient construct, and that finds the constitutive nucleus of democracy in agonism. Radical democracy seeks to transform the politics of confrontation between enemies to a struggle between adversaries, making of this a space for dissent. Thus, radical democracy agrees with the requirements of cultural pluralism, affirming the possibility that ethnic, cultural, religious or linguistically different groups or communities can coexist harmoniously without any group losing its own culture or identity
This article reconstructs the debate about the scope and limitation of citizenship, opened by liberal North American philosophers (libertarian and egalitarian) in the 1970s, continued by communitarians and republicans in the following decades and which, to this day, has no definitive resolution. The objective is to analyze the contributions of each current to the construction of a concept of dynamic, participative and inclusive citizenship, according to the requirements for radical democracy and cultural pluralism in contemporary societies. Radical democracy will be understood as the vision of democracy that begins by recognizing the impossibility of building society as a closed, totalized, self-sufficient construct, and that finds the constitutive nucleus of democracy in agonism. Radical democracy seeks to transform the politics of confrontation between enemies to a struggle between adversaries, making of this a space for dissent. Thus, radical democracy agrees with the requirements of cultural pluralism, affirming the possibility that ethnic, cultural, religious or linguistically different groups or communities can coexist harmoniously without any group losing its own culture or identity
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