Catalytic synthesis of 3(2H)-isoquinolinones and 3-aminoisoquinolines

Abstract

The general objective of this chapter is to present a bibliographic review of the catalytic pathways that facilitate the obtention of different families of nitrogen heterocyclic compounds derived from isoquinolines, like 3(2H)-isoquinolinones and 3-aminoisoquinolines. The importance of the study of this type of compound is associated with the fact that they present pharmacological properties, standing out as potent antimalarial drugs. They also present activity as cardiotonic, inhibitors of the central nervous system, cytotoxic activity against human ovarian carcinoma, and from the structural point of view as synthetic intermediates, for example, in obtaining alkaloids. This chapter aims to show how the use of catalytic systems in the synthesis routes of these compounds, and mainly heterogeneous systems, can provide solutions to the field of medicinal and organic chemistry. These heterogeneous systems have the methodological advantage of tending to minimize the production of residues that affect the environment, increase energy efficiency, reduce reaction times and minimize the formation of secondary products. While the catalytic synthesis routes of 1-substituted isoquinolines and quinolines have been widely reported and thoroughly reviewed in the last decade, this fact is not true for the families of compounds that are the subject of our chapter, the 3(2H)-isoquinolinones and the 3-aminoisoquinolines. This chapter provides a comprehensive review of the main published works related to practical synthetic strategies (classical retrosynthesis) for the construction of 3-substituted isoquinolines.