Conocimiento de vocabulario, representaciones fonológicas y sensibilidad fonológica en niños pequeños de distinto sector social de procedencia
; Borzone, Ana Maria
; Ledesma, Ruben Daniel 
Otros responsables
Fecha
07/2010
Editorial
Universidad Santo Tomás. Escuela de Psicología
Revista
Summa Psicológica
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0718-0446
eISSN
0719-448X
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Español
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Resumen
En el presente trabajo se analizaron las relaciones entre una serie de habilidades consideradas precursoras de la lectura y la escritura convencional en 80 niños de 4 años de edad, diferenciados por sector social de procedencia. Se evaluó a los niños con tareas de vocabulario receptivo y productivo, representaciones fonológicas y reconocimiento de rima y de sílaba inicial. Se obtuvieron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos en todas las tareas exceptuando la identificación de sílabas. Los análisis de regresión mostraron un patrón similar entre grupos: el vocabulario receptivo predijo la identificación de rimas y la tarea que evalúa representaciones fonológicas predijo el reconocimiento de sílabas. La diferencia entre los predictores de una y otra habilidad sugiere que el desarrollo léxico temprano proporciona el marco para el desarrollo de niveles rudimentarios de sensibilidad fonológica, pero la identificación de unidades menores requiere de representaciones fonológicas más especificadas.
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among vocabulary knowledge, phonological representations and phonological sensitivity in 80 Spanish-speaking preschool children from middle- and low-SES families. Signifi cant social class differences were obtained on all tasks except syllable matching. Regression analyses were carried out to test the predictive power of vocabulary knowledge and accuracy of phonological representations on the phonological sensitivity measures. Receptive vocabulary predicted rhyme identifi cation. Syllable matching was predicted by a task tapping accuracy of phonological representations. The fact that rhyme identifi cation was predicted by vocabulary knowledge but syllable matching was predicted by a measure tapping accuracy of phonological representations in both groups suggests that early lexical development sets the stage for the development of the lower levels of phonological sensitivity but identifi cation of smaller units requires more accurate and segmented phonological representations.
The aim of this study was to examine the relationships among vocabulary knowledge, phonological representations and phonological sensitivity in 80 Spanish-speaking preschool children from middle- and low-SES families. Signifi cant social class differences were obtained on all tasks except syllable matching. Regression analyses were carried out to test the predictive power of vocabulary knowledge and accuracy of phonological representations on the phonological sensitivity measures. Receptive vocabulary predicted rhyme identifi cation. Syllable matching was predicted by a task tapping accuracy of phonological representations. The fact that rhyme identifi cation was predicted by vocabulary knowledge but syllable matching was predicted by a measure tapping accuracy of phonological representations in both groups suggests that early lexical development sets the stage for the development of the lower levels of phonological sensitivity but identifi cation of smaller units requires more accurate and segmented phonological representations.
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