Lamiendo las heridas de una vieja revolución: el problema de la (no) comprensión de la teoría evolutiva de Darwin

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06/2022
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Universidad Nacional Abierta y a Distancia
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2027-5579
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2539-4150
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¿Cómo se moviliza la figura de Charles Darwin y qué se entiende en ámbitos no especializados por “evolución”? Bajo esta pregunta, el artículo se divide en dos secciones. En primer lugar, abordaremos algunos lineamientos mínimos sobre la teoría evolutiva actual, desde la nueva síntesis. En segundo lugar, algunas consideraciones respecto a la apelación a la figura de Darwin y el darwinismo, que dan cuenta de una recepción anacrónica y sesgada solo referida a los posibles impactos sobre la conceptualización de lo humano. Este último punto nos lleva a repensar que el impacto de la teoría es variado, multifacético y mucho más profundo del inicialmente sostenido. Y que la comprensión que arroja del fenómeno humano puede escapar a su asimilación cultural actual en sus aspectos más relevantes, tal como se presentan en la propuesta de la teoría sintética extendida actual. En este sentido, las discusiones relativas a la revolución que inició el pensamiento darwiniano, según atestiguan las fuentes aquí consultadas, no han perdido vigencia. Especialmente, se produce aun una disputa por el monopolio del sentido de lo que significa humano/animal, en un momento donde el sentido-de-mundo proporcionado por el antropocentrismo se está viendo mermado. El problema se vincula a (i) la (no) comprensión de la teoría evolutiva: mientras estamos en los albores de una nueva expansión de la teoría evolutiva, socialmente aun no se asimila la vieja teoría darwiniana; (ii) lo cual a su vez se vincula con la categoría humano-animal entendidas como esencias estáticas y disjuntas; (iii) a partir de lo cual hay una tensión entre discurso científico frente al discurso e imaginario social; (iv) por último, estas cuestiones recapitulan el contexto contemporáneo de crisis socio-ambiental.
How the figure of Charles Darwin is used in non-specialized fields and what is understood as “evolution”? With this question in mind, the present paper is divided into two sections. First, we will address some minimum guidelines on current evo- lutionary theory, from the new synthesis. Secondly, some considerations regarding the appeal to the figure of Darwin and Darwinism, which show an anachronistic and biased reception only referring to the possible impacts on the conceptualization of the Human. This last point leads us to rethink that the impact of the theory is varied, multifaceted and much deeper than initially assumed. And that the understanding of the human phenomenon may escape its current cultural assimilation in its most relevant aspects, as presented in the proposal of the current extended synthetic theory. In this sense, the discussions related to the revolution initiated by Darwinian thought, as attested by the sources consulted, have not lost their validity. In particular, there is still a dispute over the monopoly of the meaning of what human/animal means, at a time when the worldsense provided by anthropocentrism is being undermined. The problem is linked to (i) first of all, the (non) understanding of evolutionary theory: while we are at the dawn of a new expansion of evolutionary theory, the old Darwinian theory is still not assimilated; (ii) which in turn is linked to the human-animal category understood as static and disjoint essences; (iii) from which there is a tension between scientific discourse versus social discourse and imaginary; (iv) finally, these issues recapitulate the contemporary context of socio-environmental crisis.
How the figure of Charles Darwin is used in non-specialized fields and what is understood as “evolution”? With this question in mind, the present paper is divided into two sections. First, we will address some minimum guidelines on current evo- lutionary theory, from the new synthesis. Secondly, some considerations regarding the appeal to the figure of Darwin and Darwinism, which show an anachronistic and biased reception only referring to the possible impacts on the conceptualization of the Human. This last point leads us to rethink that the impact of the theory is varied, multifaceted and much deeper than initially assumed. And that the understanding of the human phenomenon may escape its current cultural assimilation in its most relevant aspects, as presented in the proposal of the current extended synthetic theory. In this sense, the discussions related to the revolution initiated by Darwinian thought, as attested by the sources consulted, have not lost their validity. In particular, there is still a dispute over the monopoly of the meaning of what human/animal means, at a time when the worldsense provided by anthropocentrism is being undermined. The problem is linked to (i) first of all, the (non) understanding of evolutionary theory: while we are at the dawn of a new expansion of evolutionary theory, the old Darwinian theory is still not assimilated; (ii) which in turn is linked to the human-animal category understood as static and disjoint essences; (iii) from which there is a tension between scientific discourse versus social discourse and imaginary; (iv) finally, these issues recapitulate the contemporary context of socio-environmental crisis.
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