La regulación del espacio religioso y el caso de los Testigos de Jehová en los primeros años de la dictadura militar en Argentina (1976-1978)

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Fecha
12/2024
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Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas
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Reflexão
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2447-6803
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Español
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Este artículo ofrece una lectura sobre los mecanismos de regulación del espacio religioso que se articularon durante la dictadura militar (1976-1983). Toma como eje de análisis el caso de los Testigos de Jehová, religión que presentaba una existencia irregular según los marcos legales establecidos por el Estado argentino ya que no contaba con personería jurídica ni estaba incluida en el Fichero de Culto creado a finales de la década de 1940. Esta “irregularidad” no era resultado de una negativa de la propia religión y sus organizaciones a tramitar su incorporación, sino al sistemático rechazo por parte de las oficinas de la Secretaría de Culto. Es verdad que la falta de reconocimiento no había constituido hasta entonces un obstáculo insalvable y para mediados de los setenta la religión contaba con una presencia destacada en el país a pesar de aquella irregularidad. Lo que proponemos reconstruir es cómo desde 1976 se inicia una ofensiva contra los Testigos de Jehová que va a incluir a la conducción política del “Proceso”, pero también a actores de la prensa general y a diversos agentes del Estado. A partir de este acercamiento podremos observar la diversidad de actores intervinientes en el proceso de regulación de la religión y las particularidades que adquirió en el marco de una dictadura militar.
This article provides an analysis of the mechanisms for regulating religious space during the military dictatorship (1976-1983) in Argentina. It focuses on the case of Jehovah’s Witnesses, a religion that had an irregular existence according to the legal frameworks established by the Argentine state, as it lacked legal status and was not included in the Registry of Worship created in the late 1940s. This “irregularity” was not due to the religion and its organizations refusing to seek recognition, but rather the systematic rejection by the offices of the Secretariat of Worship. Despite this lack of recognition not being an insurmountable obstacle until then, by the mid-seventies, the religion had a prominent presence in the country despite this irregularity. The article aims to reconstruct how an offensive against Jehovah’s Witnesses began in 1976, involving the political leadership of the “Process”, as well as actors from the general press and various government agents. Through this approach, it explores the diversity of actors involved in regulating religion and the unique challenges it faced within the framework of a military dictatorship
This article provides an analysis of the mechanisms for regulating religious space during the military dictatorship (1976-1983) in Argentina. It focuses on the case of Jehovah’s Witnesses, a religion that had an irregular existence according to the legal frameworks established by the Argentine state, as it lacked legal status and was not included in the Registry of Worship created in the late 1940s. This “irregularity” was not due to the religion and its organizations refusing to seek recognition, but rather the systematic rejection by the offices of the Secretariat of Worship. Despite this lack of recognition not being an insurmountable obstacle until then, by the mid-seventies, the religion had a prominent presence in the country despite this irregularity. The article aims to reconstruct how an offensive against Jehovah’s Witnesses began in 1976, involving the political leadership of the “Process”, as well as actors from the general press and various government agents. Through this approach, it explores the diversity of actors involved in regulating religion and the unique challenges it faced within the framework of a military dictatorship
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