Instituciones participativas de políticas de comunicación de América Latina: Modelos, barreras, logros y desafíos
; Segura, Maria Soledad 
Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2022
Editorial
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Comunicación e Imagen
Revista
Comunicación y Medios
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
0719-1529
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Español
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Resumen
Este artículo evalúa la capacidad de las instituciones estatales participativas de políticas de comunicación creadas en este siglo en Argentina, Ecuador, México y Uruguay para enfrentar la captura de las élites políticas y económicas. Con enfoque comparativo, se analiza su formulación legal, su implementación y los resultados a partir de documentos, bibliografía y entrevistas. Los casos seleccionados permiten analizar legislaciones, organismos participativos y procesos políticos diferentes. En función de las variables desagregadas del concepto de participación ciudadana, se evalúan sus niveles de diversidad, incidencia, autonomía y transparencia en la normativa y en su puesta en práctica.Se concluye que los organismos participativos lograron, en ocasiones, limitar la captura de las políticas de comunicación o generar antecedentes valiosos en esa búsqueda. Sin embargo, no consiguieron evitar esta captura por élites económicas y políticas, ni, por lo tanto, modificar de manera sustancial el sistema de comunicación. No obstante, se registran resultados positivos no buscados y aprendizajes en relación al enriquecimiento de prácticas democráticas y ciudadanas. También sereconocen modelos de instituciones participativas, condicionamientos en los procesos de implementación y obstáculos políticos y económicos en los organismos creados.
This article evaluates the capacity of participatory state institutions of communication policies created in this century in Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, and Uruguay to face the capture by political and economic elites. Through a comparative approach, it analyzes the regulation and its performance based upon official documents, specialized bibliography, and interviews. It does so from the methodological guide provided by disaggregated variables of the concept of citizen participation. The evaluation is organized from the axes of: diversity and implementation; incidence, autonomy and transparency in regulations and in their performance. The selected cases allow the analysis of different legislations, participatory organisms, and political processes. The paper concludes that the participatory organizations achieved, occasionally, to limit the capture of policies or to generate valuable antecedents in that search, at least temporarily. However, the activity of these entities failed to prevent the capture of the policies by economic and political elites. Therefore, they did not reach enough influence to substantially modify the communication system. Despite this, it may list a set of unintended and difficult-to-measure positive outcomes linked to the enrichment of democratic and civic practices. It recognizes models of participatory institutions, constraints in implementing such processes, and political and economic obstacles in these organizations.
This article evaluates the capacity of participatory state institutions of communication policies created in this century in Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, and Uruguay to face the capture by political and economic elites. Through a comparative approach, it analyzes the regulation and its performance based upon official documents, specialized bibliography, and interviews. It does so from the methodological guide provided by disaggregated variables of the concept of citizen participation. The evaluation is organized from the axes of: diversity and implementation; incidence, autonomy and transparency in regulations and in their performance. The selected cases allow the analysis of different legislations, participatory organisms, and political processes. The paper concludes that the participatory organizations achieved, occasionally, to limit the capture of policies or to generate valuable antecedents in that search, at least temporarily. However, the activity of these entities failed to prevent the capture of the policies by economic and political elites. Therefore, they did not reach enough influence to substantially modify the communication system. Despite this, it may list a set of unintended and difficult-to-measure positive outcomes linked to the enrichment of democratic and civic practices. It recognizes models of participatory institutions, constraints in implementing such processes, and political and economic obstacles in these organizations.
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