Late Cenozoic geology and geomorphology of the Loma de Las Tapias area, San Juan, west central Argentina
; Contreras, Victor Hugo Otros responsables
Fecha
2011
Editorial
SCS Publisher
Revista
Título del libro
Cenozoic Geology of the Central Andes of Argentina
Nombre del evento
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
eISSN
ISBN
978-987-26890-0-1
Idioma
Inglés
Tipo del evento
Clasificación temática
Palabras clave
Resumen
Se analizan e interpretan las características del relieve de Loma de Las Tapias y sus causas, así como se presenta una breve actualización geológica y un modelo de reconstrucción paleoambiental acaecida desde el Neógeno temprano hasta el presente. La sucesión neógena aflorante en el área Loma de Las Tapias, en el centro de la provincia de San Juan, es conocida desde principio de siglo como «Estratos Calchaqueños» y se ubica en la intersección de las coordenadas de 31º28’S y 68º40’O. Se determinaron dos factores principales que intervinieron en la formación de este extenso relieve plegado y altamente erosionado, desarrollado en una espesa secuencia sedimentaria continental, uno relacionado con el control tectónico regional ejercido por las megafracturas de Salinas Grandes (MGSG) y de Villicum-Zonda (MGVZ), y el segundo con los procesos de erosión hídrica tanto superficial como subsuperficial (sufosión). Los procesos erosivos han actuado diferencialmente en los Miembros de la Formación Loma de Las Tapias; de este modo en el miembro inferior pelítico, Limolita La Colmena, el desarrollo de las combas anticlinales (C1) tiene su máxima expresión, donde la erosión se acentúa y la evolución del relieve plegado se acelera. La secuencia sedimentaria neógena sigue sufriendo los ajustes tectónicos de la región, dados por las sucesivas reactivaciones de la MGVZ como por el sistema transversal de la MGSG.
The relief features of the Loma de Las Tapias area are described and interpreted in the present article. On this basis, together with a review of the stratigraphy and structures exposed in the area, the authors propose a reconstruction of the environmental evolution from the Early Neogene to present time. The Neogene sequence cropping out in the area was first studied in the early twentieth century and named «Estratos Calchaqueños». The main exposures occur near the intersection of geographic coordinates 68º40’W and 31º28’S. Two main factors were determined which gave rise to the formation of the folded and highly eroded relief carved on the thick Neogene continental sedimentary sequence, which has now been given the name of Loma de Las Tapias Formation. The first factor was the regional tectonic control exerted by the Salinas Grandes (MGSG) and Villicum-Zonda (MGVZ) megafractures. The second factor is related to superficial and subsuperficial (piping) hydric erosion. Erosional processes have had a differential action on the two members into which the Loma de Las Tapias Formation has been subdivided. The formation of anticlinal valleys («combe») was more marked in the lower silty member (La Colmena Siltstone) because erosion is more intense in it than in the overlying units, which causes an accelerated evolution of the relief in the folded strata. Neogene deposits have been affected by the tectonic adjustment of the area produced by successive reactivation events of both megafractures.
The relief features of the Loma de Las Tapias area are described and interpreted in the present article. On this basis, together with a review of the stratigraphy and structures exposed in the area, the authors propose a reconstruction of the environmental evolution from the Early Neogene to present time. The Neogene sequence cropping out in the area was first studied in the early twentieth century and named «Estratos Calchaqueños». The main exposures occur near the intersection of geographic coordinates 68º40’W and 31º28’S. Two main factors were determined which gave rise to the formation of the folded and highly eroded relief carved on the thick Neogene continental sedimentary sequence, which has now been given the name of Loma de Las Tapias Formation. The first factor was the regional tectonic control exerted by the Salinas Grandes (MGSG) and Villicum-Zonda (MGVZ) megafractures. The second factor is related to superficial and subsuperficial (piping) hydric erosion. Erosional processes have had a differential action on the two members into which the Loma de Las Tapias Formation has been subdivided. The formation of anticlinal valleys («combe») was more marked in the lower silty member (La Colmena Siltstone) because erosion is more intense in it than in the overlying units, which causes an accelerated evolution of the relief in the folded strata. Neogene deposits have been affected by the tectonic adjustment of the area produced by successive reactivation events of both megafractures.
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