Neofascism and the Erosion of Normativity Subjectivation and Political Identity in the 21st Century

Abstract

This article proposes a theoretical framework for analysing the contemporary emer-gence of neofascist forms of political identi cation. While much of the literature ondemocratic erosion has emphasised concepts like populism, institutional decline, orleadership dynamics, the sociological processes that render subjects receptive to neo-fascist identi cation remain insuf ciently theorised. The article argues that these pro-cesses are linked to a broader erosion of normative universality that historicallystructured modern democratic coexistence. Through a conceptual reconstructiongrounded in social theory, it identi es a series of mechanisms through which the weak-ening of shared normative frameworks enables the consolidation of exclusionary polit-ical identities. By shifting the focus from institutional transformations to processes ofsubjectivation, the article seeks to contribute to a sociological understanding of the con-ditions under which neofascist mobilisation becomes politically viable in the 21stcentury.