A treinta años del caso Jeffrey Lawson: ¿Qué sabemos sobre el dolor en prematuros?

Fecha
2015
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Nueva Editorial Universitaria
Revista
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
I Congreso Nacional de Psicología: Psicología, Formación y Compromiso Social
Fecha del evento
2015-05-14
Institución organizadora
Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Psicología
ISSN
eISSN
ISBN
9789877330380
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Congreso
Clasificación temática
Palabras clave
Resumen
En el año 1985 nacía prematuramente Jeffrey Lawson. Su madre Jill relata su paso por la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) de un hospital de Washington DC. Pero su internación no obtuvo el mejor de los finales. Un mes después de una cirugía de corazón el niño fallece. Se considera que el dolor cumplió un papel protagónico en este lamentable desenlace. Este suceso planteó un cambio de paradigma con respecto a la mirada del dolor en el neonato y en particular en el niño nacido prematuro. A 30 años de este caso nos encontramos con investigaciones que aseguran que las vías neurales que permiten la percepción del dolor en estos bebés, ya se encuentran desarrolladas durante la vida intrauterina, no siendo así en el caso de las vías inhibitorias, generando un aumento de magnitud de dolor en el infante. A través de una revisión bibliográfica se ha realizado un recorrido por los diferentes autores que trabajan este tema. Actualmente los estudios arrojan datos sobre las diversas secuelas a corto y largo plazo como consecuencia del sufrimiento vivido por estos niños durante su internación en UCIN. Allí son expuestos a más de 5 procedimientos por día. Diversas escalas de dolor se han desarrollado para la evaluación del mismo, facilitando la consiguiente aplicación de técnicas farmacológicas y/o no farmacológicas. A pesar de las herramientas con la que contamos, los profesionales de la salud no poseen la información necesaria para su aplicación, prevención y/o tratamiento del dolor. El objetivo de este trabajo fue, en relación a la temática del dolor, aportar a la concientización de los profesionales que tienen a su cargo el cuidado de estos niños
In 1985 Jeffrey Lawson was born prematurely. His residence in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) did not get the best end. A month after a heart surgery, the child dies. It is believed that pain played a leading role in this unfortunate outcome. This event pose a paradigm shift regarding the look of pain in the neonate, particularly in children born preterm. At 30 years of this case, we find research that ensures that the neural pathways that allow the perception of pain in these infants, already developed in utero, but were not in the case of inhibitory pathways, generating an increasing amount of pain in children. Through a literature review was conducted a tour of the different authors working in this area. Current studies provide data on the various consequences in the short and long term as a result of suffering experienced by these children during their stay in NICU. There, they are exposed to more than 5 procedures per day. Various pain scales have been developed for evaluation, facilitating the subsequent application of pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques. Although the tools we have, the health professionals do not have the information necessary for their enforcement, prevention and / or treatment of pain. The aim of this work was, in relation to the subject of pain, contribute to the awareness of the professionals who are responsible for the care of these children.
In 1985 Jeffrey Lawson was born prematurely. His residence in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) did not get the best end. A month after a heart surgery, the child dies. It is believed that pain played a leading role in this unfortunate outcome. This event pose a paradigm shift regarding the look of pain in the neonate, particularly in children born preterm. At 30 years of this case, we find research that ensures that the neural pathways that allow the perception of pain in these infants, already developed in utero, but were not in the case of inhibitory pathways, generating an increasing amount of pain in children. Through a literature review was conducted a tour of the different authors working in this area. Current studies provide data on the various consequences in the short and long term as a result of suffering experienced by these children during their stay in NICU. There, they are exposed to more than 5 procedures per day. Various pain scales have been developed for evaluation, facilitating the subsequent application of pharmacological and non-pharmacological techniques. Although the tools we have, the health professionals do not have the information necessary for their enforcement, prevention and / or treatment of pain. The aim of this work was, in relation to the subject of pain, contribute to the awareness of the professionals who are responsible for the care of these children.
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