Evaluation of paternal lymphocyte immunotherapy and potential biomarker mixed lymphocyte reaction-blocking factor in an Argentinian cohort of women with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and unexplained infertility

Abstract

Problem: Analyze the effect of paternal immunotherapy treatment (PIT) in primary and secondary unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) and unexplained infertility (UI). Methods of Study: A retrospective study analyzed a two-year follow-up between the generation of MLR-Bfs after PIT treatment (or controls first consultation) and a live birth. Recruited patients included primary URSA with two or more miscarriages at <12 weeks gestation, secondary URSA with previous live birth before two or more miscarriages, and UI with inability to conceive after 2 years of regular unprotected intercourse or in vitro fertilizations (IVF). PIT treated were compared with untreated controls. Results: Primary URSA: live birth was 241/416 (58%) versus 64/282 (23%) controls (p <.0001). Up to age 35, success was 158/217 (73%) and 37/144 (26%) controls (p <.0001). With 3 or more previous URSA, success was 90/135 (67%) versus 17/79 (22%) controls (p <.0001). Between ages 36 and 40, success was 69/147(47%) versus 22/98 (22%) controls (p <.0003), with 3 or more previous URSA live birth was 45/95 (47%) versus 6/46 (13%) controls (p <.0001). In UI, live birth was 99/298 (33%) versus 54/263 (21%) in controls (p <.0009) that increased under age 35 to 53/116 (46%) in treated versus 26/101 (26%) controls (p <.0056). In PIT treated, IVF success required a median of 1 (1.37 ± 0.67) versus a median of 3 IVF procedures (2.75 ± 0.84) in controls. Conclusion: PIT is a successful treatment for primary and secondary URSA, and UI. PIT reduced the number of IVF required for achieving pregnancy.