Actividad anti-Listeria de Enterococcus spp aislados de caracol de jardín (Helix aspersa Müller)
; Andoro, Débora L. ; Marguet, Emilio Rogelio ; Vallejo, Marisol 
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Fecha
06/2020
Editorial
Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria
Revista
Revista de Investigaciones Veterinarias del Peru
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ISSN
1609-9117
eISSN
1682-3419
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Resumen
En este estudio se investigó la actividad antimicrobiana de cepas de Enterococcus aisladas del contenido intestinal del caracol de jardín (Helix aspersa Müller) mediante el ensayo de difusión en agar. Entre los 90 aislamientos obtenidos, 37 exhibieron actividad inhibitoria contra una o más cepas de Listeria ensayadas. Sobre la base de la mayor actividad, se seleccionaron 16 cepas de enterococos para posteriores estudios. Ninguna de las cepas exhibió β-hemólisis o actividad de gelatinasa y todas resultaron sensibles a la vancomicina. El tratamiento con lisozima y catalasa no afectó la actividad anti-Listeria; por otra parte, la actividad enzimática de la tripsina abolió la actividad inhibitoria de los sobrenadantes libres de células (SLC), confirmando la naturaleza proteica de los compuestos activos. En todos los casos, la actividad de los SLC permaneció estable después del tratamiento térmico (100 ºC, 10 min). Estas características están de acuerdo con bacteriocinas de tipo II producidas por bacterias ácido-lácticas. Entre los 16 aislados seleccionados se lograron identificar mediante pruebas bioquímicas a nueve cepas como E. avium, cinco como E. mundtii y dos como E. faecium. La mayor actividad se presentó en cepas de E. mundtii con valores entre 163 840 y 327 680 unidades arbitrarias/ml (UA/ml). Los resultados sugirieren que los caracoles de jardín podrían ser una fuente adecuada para el aislamiento de cepas de Enterococcus bacteriogénicos con potenciales aplicaciones tecnológicas, bioconservación de alimentos o como probióticos.
In this study, the antimicrobial activity of Enterococcus strains isolated from the gut content of garden snail (Helix aspersa Müller) was investigated by agar diffusion assay. Among the 90 isolates obtained, 37 exhibited inhibitory activity against one or more of the Listeria strains tested. Based on the highest activity, 16 enterococci strains were selected for further studies. None of these strains exhibited beta-hemolysis or gelatinase activity and all were sensitive to vancomycin. Treatment with lysozyme and catalase did not affect the anti-Listeria activity. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of trypsin abolished the inhibitory action of the cell-free supernatants (CFS), confirming the protein nature of the active compounds. In all cases CFS activity remained stable after heat treatment (100 ºC, 10 min). These characteristics described agree with bacteriocin type II of lactic acid bacteria. Among the 16 selected isolates, biochemical test allowed the identification of nine E. avium strains, five of E. mundtii and two of E. faecium. The highest activity was observed in E. mundtii strains with values between 163 840 to 327 680 arbitrary units/ml (UA/ml). These results suggested that garden snails could be a suitable source for the isolation of bacteriocinogenic Enterococcus strains with potential technological applications, food biopreservation or probiotics.
In this study, the antimicrobial activity of Enterococcus strains isolated from the gut content of garden snail (Helix aspersa Müller) was investigated by agar diffusion assay. Among the 90 isolates obtained, 37 exhibited inhibitory activity against one or more of the Listeria strains tested. Based on the highest activity, 16 enterococci strains were selected for further studies. None of these strains exhibited beta-hemolysis or gelatinase activity and all were sensitive to vancomycin. Treatment with lysozyme and catalase did not affect the anti-Listeria activity. Moreover, the enzymatic activity of trypsin abolished the inhibitory action of the cell-free supernatants (CFS), confirming the protein nature of the active compounds. In all cases CFS activity remained stable after heat treatment (100 ºC, 10 min). These characteristics described agree with bacteriocin type II of lactic acid bacteria. Among the 16 selected isolates, biochemical test allowed the identification of nine E. avium strains, five of E. mundtii and two of E. faecium. The highest activity was observed in E. mundtii strains with values between 163 840 to 327 680 arbitrary units/ml (UA/ml). These results suggested that garden snails could be a suitable source for the isolation of bacteriocinogenic Enterococcus strains with potential technological applications, food biopreservation or probiotics.
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