Efecto de la fertilización con magnesio en variedades de papa
; Reussi Calvo, Nahuel Ignacio 
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08/2025
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Asociación Argentina de Horticultura
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Horticultura Argentina
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1851-9342
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El manejo adecuado de los nutrientes en el cultivo de papa (Solanum tuberosum spp. tuberosum) es esencial durante todo su crecimiento. La disminución de los niveles de magnesio (Mg) en el suelo de la Región Pampeana Argentina y la falta de reposición del nutriente por fertilización, son indicadores de que el Mg es un limitante para el cultivo de papa. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar el efecto de la fertilización con Mg sobre el rendimiento, la concentración de Mg total en hoja (Mgh) y tubérculo (Mgt) y cuantificar la extracción por los tubérculos de papa de las variedades Innovator y Spunta. Se realizaron cuatro ensayos, distribuidos en dos campañas (2021/2022 y 2022/2023) con dosis variables de Mg (0, 20 y 40 kg ha-1 ) en el sudeste Bonaerense. Se recolectaron muestras de suelo en presiembra, de hoja a los 70 días después de la plantación (ddp) y de tubérculos en la cosecha (120 ddp). El rango del rendimiento fue de 36,3 a 51,6 t ha-1 y tendió a aumentar con la fertilización con Mg. La Mgh y la Mgt variaron en el rango de 0,37 a 0,55 y 0,09 a 0,12 g 100g-1 , respectivamente; siendo significativo el efecto de la fertilización con Mg (p<0,05). La extracción de Mg por los tubérculos fue similar para ambas variedades (~0,25 kg Mg t-1 ). Se concluye que la nutrición con Mg, en base a diagnóstico, debería ser considerada en los programas de fertilización con el objetivo de contribuir a la sustentabilidad del cultivo de papa.
The proper management of nutrients in potato crop (Solanum tuberosum spp. tuberosum) is essential throughout its growth. The decrease in soil magnesium (Mg) levels in recent years in the Argentine Pampas Region and the lack of nutrient replenishment through fertilization are indicators that Mg may be limiting for potato crop. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Mg fertilization on yield, total leaf Mg concentration (Mgh) and tuber Mg concentration (Mgt), and to quantify the extraction of this nutrient by potato tubers in the Innovator and Spunta varieties. Four trials were conducted, distributed over two seasons (2021/2022 and 2022/2023) with varying rates of Mg (0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 ) in the Southeast of Buenos Aires. Soil samples were collected before planting, as well as leaf samples at 70 days after planting (ddp), and tuber samples at harvest at 120 ddp. The yield range was from 36.3 to 51.6 t ha-1 and tended to increase with Mg fertilization. The Mgh and Mgt varied in the range of 0.37 to 0.55 and 0.09 to 0.12 g 100g-1 , respectively; being significant the effect of Mg fertilization (p<0.05). The extraction of Mg by the tuber was similar for both varieties (~0.25 kg Mg t1 ). It is concluded that Mg nutrition, based on diagnosis, should be considered in fertilization programs with the aim of contributing to the sustainability of potato crop.
The proper management of nutrients in potato crop (Solanum tuberosum spp. tuberosum) is essential throughout its growth. The decrease in soil magnesium (Mg) levels in recent years in the Argentine Pampas Region and the lack of nutrient replenishment through fertilization are indicators that Mg may be limiting for potato crop. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effect of Mg fertilization on yield, total leaf Mg concentration (Mgh) and tuber Mg concentration (Mgt), and to quantify the extraction of this nutrient by potato tubers in the Innovator and Spunta varieties. Four trials were conducted, distributed over two seasons (2021/2022 and 2022/2023) with varying rates of Mg (0, 20 and 40 kg ha-1 ) in the Southeast of Buenos Aires. Soil samples were collected before planting, as well as leaf samples at 70 days after planting (ddp), and tuber samples at harvest at 120 ddp. The yield range was from 36.3 to 51.6 t ha-1 and tended to increase with Mg fertilization. The Mgh and Mgt varied in the range of 0.37 to 0.55 and 0.09 to 0.12 g 100g-1 , respectively; being significant the effect of Mg fertilization (p<0.05). The extraction of Mg by the tuber was similar for both varieties (~0.25 kg Mg t1 ). It is concluded that Mg nutrition, based on diagnosis, should be considered in fertilization programs with the aim of contributing to the sustainability of potato crop.
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