Cuestiones elementales sobre los tributos ambientales

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Fecha
06/2013
Editorial
Universidad Centroamericana. Facultad de Ciencias Jurídicas
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Revista de Derecho
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1993-4505
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Resumen
En la actualidad no resulta nada extraño que los Estados hagan uso del sistema fiscal para llevar adelante políticas de carácter intervencionista. De hecho, es cada vez más asiduo encontrar gravámenes cuya finalidad principal va más allá de la mera obtención de recursos, configurándose como verdaderos mecanismos reguladores de conducta. Así las cosas, estos tributos conviven armónicamente con aquéllos que tienen una finalidad orientada eminentemente a la obtención de recursos. Los tributos reguladores o extrafiscales presentan un abanico de posibilidades muy variado, con lo cual, sería prácticamente imposible enumerarlos sin dejar algún caso fuera de la lista. Entre los más comunes podemos citar los tributos ambientales, en los cuales centraremos nuestra atención en el presente estudio. A estos fines estructuramos el trabajo en base a dos grandes partes: en una primera parte, y a modo de cuestión preliminar, daremos una noción genérica de los tributos con fines extrafiscales; en la segunda parte nos avocaremos de lleno en los tributos ambientales, tratando su terminología, definición y relación con el principio de capacidad contributiva. Finalmente, exponemos las conclusiones finales.
Currently there is usual that states use the tax system for interventionist politics. In fact, it is increasingly common to find taxes whose main purpose goes beyond the mere acquisition of resources, configured them as real regulatory mechanisms of behavior. So, these taxes coexist harmoniously with those who have a goaloriented resourcing. Regulator taxes (or taxes with non-fiscal purposes) have a highly varied range of possibilities, which would be virtually impossible to enumerate them without leaving any case out of the list. Among the most common regulator taxes we can cite environmental taxes, in which we will focus in this study. For this purpose we structure the work based on two main parts: in the first part, as a preliminary part, we will give a general concept of taxes with non-fiscal purposes and in the second part we will focus on environmental taxes, analyzing their terminology, definition and relationship to the ability to pay principle. Finally, we will present the final conclusions.
Currently there is usual that states use the tax system for interventionist politics. In fact, it is increasingly common to find taxes whose main purpose goes beyond the mere acquisition of resources, configured them as real regulatory mechanisms of behavior. So, these taxes coexist harmoniously with those who have a goaloriented resourcing. Regulator taxes (or taxes with non-fiscal purposes) have a highly varied range of possibilities, which would be virtually impossible to enumerate them without leaving any case out of the list. Among the most common regulator taxes we can cite environmental taxes, in which we will focus in this study. For this purpose we structure the work based on two main parts: in the first part, as a preliminary part, we will give a general concept of taxes with non-fiscal purposes and in the second part we will focus on environmental taxes, analyzing their terminology, definition and relationship to the ability to pay principle. Finally, we will present the final conclusions.
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