Evaluación de las condiciones de desamargado en húmedo de quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.)
; Miranda Villa, Patricia Paola
; Mufari, Jesica Romina
; Albrecht, Claudia
; Cervilla, Natalia Soledad 
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Fecha
05/2019
Editorial
Fundación Alimentación Saludable
Revista
Nutrición clínica y dietética hospitalaria
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1989-208X
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Español
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Resumen
Los granos de quinoa presentan en su episperma saponinas, compuestos con actividad antinutricional y que le otorgan sabor amargo al grano, por lo que deben desamargarse previo a su consumo. La falta de precisión acerca de las condiciones más adecuadas para realizarlo por método húmedo, evidencia la necesidad de contar con informaciónque aporte claridad. Objetivo: el objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar las condiciones de desamargado vía húmeda en granos de quinoa, con el fin de comparar su efectividad con un método cuantitativo. Materiales y métodos: se evaluaron como variables el tiempo, relación agua/granos y temperatura. Para determinar el contenido de saponinas residuales, se utilizó el método dela espuma (estimación afrosimétrica) y se compararon los resultados con espectroscopía. Resultados y discusión: todas las variables ejercieron un efecto significativo y una correlación negativa sobre el contenido de saponinas. La interacción de las variables permitió establecer las condiciones de extracción que tuvieron mayor eficiencia: 6 minutos, relación masa granos/solvente 10 mL/g, independientemente de la temperatura. Por espectrofotometría, se observó la misma tendencia.Conclusiones: la conjugación de estas condiciones permite realizar lavados en tiempos breves, con una cantidad de agua determinada y sin la necesidad de aplicar temperatura. El método demostró ser sencillo, práctico y eficiente para la remoción de las saponinas.
Quinoa grains present in its episperm saponins, compounds with antinutritional activity that give bitter flavor to the grain. Therefore, they must be previously removed for their consumption. The lack of precision about the most appropriate conditions to perform it by wet method, demonstrates the need to have information that provides clarity. Aim: the aim of this work was to evaluate the conditions of wet de-bittering in grains of quinoa, in order to compare its effectiveness with a quantitative method. Materials and methods: Time, water/grain mass ratio and temperature were evaluated as variables. To determine the content of saponins, foam method (afrosimetric estimation) was used and the data obtained by spectrophotometric method was used to compare. Results and discussion: All the variables presented a significant effect and a negative correlation on the saponin content. The interaction between the variables allowed establishing the conditions of extraction that had greater efficiency: 6 minutes, solvent/grain mass ratio 10:1, independently of the temperature. The same tendency was observed by spectrophotometry. Conclusions: the conjugation of these conditions enables to carry out washes in short periods of time, with a certain amount of water and without the need to apply temperature. The method proved to be simple, practical and efficient for the removal of saponins.
Quinoa grains present in its episperm saponins, compounds with antinutritional activity that give bitter flavor to the grain. Therefore, they must be previously removed for their consumption. The lack of precision about the most appropriate conditions to perform it by wet method, demonstrates the need to have information that provides clarity. Aim: the aim of this work was to evaluate the conditions of wet de-bittering in grains of quinoa, in order to compare its effectiveness with a quantitative method. Materials and methods: Time, water/grain mass ratio and temperature were evaluated as variables. To determine the content of saponins, foam method (afrosimetric estimation) was used and the data obtained by spectrophotometric method was used to compare. Results and discussion: All the variables presented a significant effect and a negative correlation on the saponin content. The interaction between the variables allowed establishing the conditions of extraction that had greater efficiency: 6 minutes, solvent/grain mass ratio 10:1, independently of the temperature. The same tendency was observed by spectrophotometry. Conclusions: the conjugation of these conditions enables to carry out washes in short periods of time, with a certain amount of water and without the need to apply temperature. The method proved to be simple, practical and efficient for the removal of saponins.
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