Gastrointestinal cancer cells with Pt-resistance and relationship with aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs

Abstract

The anticancer drugs cis-diamminedichloridoplatinum (II) (cisplatin) and oxaliplatin are commonly used to treatpatients with a number of cancers including gastrointestinal cancer. While platinum drugs have succeeded inprolonging overall progression-free survival of gastrointestinal cancer patients, treatment with platinum-basedchemotherapeutics can cause resistance, and platinum-chemoresistance poses one of the main challenges togastrointestinal cancer therapy and overall use of platinum-based chemotherapy. In addition to their interactionswith DNA, Pt-chemotherapeutics commonly interact with cellular RNA. This manuscript explores the speciationof cisplatin and oxaliplatin, describes their interaction with DNA and RNA, and discusses similarities and differences which cause the different physiological responses of long non-coding RNAs upon treatment with platinum reagents. It explores the aberrant expression of long non-coding RNAs in gastrointestinal cancer includingoral cavity cancer, esophageal cancer, gastric cancer, and colorectal cancer. Here we identify several long noncoding RNAs which are aberrantly expressed in platinum-resistant cell lines of gastrointestinal cancers. Althoughdifferent gastrointestinal cancer cell lines are tested, increased or decreased aberrant expression compared to normal cells is found for the same long non-coding RNAs, suggesting that gene expression and cellular pathwaysare changed in a similar manner. Indubitably, further understanding of these phenomena will be beneficial toevaluate if these behaviors can be exploited to develop strategies for use in future therapeutic strategies fortreatment of gastrointestinal cancer patients.