Ser vecino: jerarquías políticas y morales en la historia de Buenos Aires

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Fecha
01/2018
Editorial
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro
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Revista de Direito da Cidade
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2317-7721
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Español
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Si bien en los últimos años la categoría de vecino ha ganado terreno en el vocabulario político, técnico y mediático de la ciudad de Buenos Aires, su uso tiene una larga historia. El mismo ha designado, en diferentes momentos, formas específicas de concebir el lazo colectivo que une a los habitantes de la urbe, delimitando formas de desigualdades y jerarquías, tanto en plano jurídico-político, como en el gubernamental y el moral. En este artículo proponemos un análisis socio-histórico de sus principales transformaciones, desde el siglo XIX a la actualidad. Utilizamos un método documental, a partir de una multiplicidad de fuentes diversas que incluyen leyes, reglamentos, debates parlamentarios, revistas especializadas y periódicos. El análisis histórico muestra que, en paralelo a la universalización de la categoría de vecino, luego de la universalización del voto municipal, ésta se erigió como una herramienta de gestión gubernamental, que permite la diferenciación de distintos grupos de la ciudad, al tiempo que se consolidó como una manera eficaz de evaluación moral de los habitantes de la urbe.
Although in recent years the category of vecino has gained ground in the political, technical and media vocabulary of the city of Buenos Aires, its use has a long history. At different times, it has designated specific forms of conceiving the collective bond that unites the inhabitants of the city, delimiting political, governmental and moral forms of inequalities and hierarchies. In this article we propose a socio-historical analysis of its main transformations, from the nineteenth century to the present day. We use a documentary method, from a multiplicity of diverse sources that include laws, regulations, parliamentary debates, specialized magazines and newspapers. Historical analysis shows that, parallel to the universalization of the category of vecino, after the universalization of the municipal vote, this category was erected as a tool of governmental management, which allows the differentiation of different groups of the city, while was consolidated as an effective way of moral evaluation of the inhabitants of the city.
Although in recent years the category of vecino has gained ground in the political, technical and media vocabulary of the city of Buenos Aires, its use has a long history. At different times, it has designated specific forms of conceiving the collective bond that unites the inhabitants of the city, delimiting political, governmental and moral forms of inequalities and hierarchies. In this article we propose a socio-historical analysis of its main transformations, from the nineteenth century to the present day. We use a documentary method, from a multiplicity of diverse sources that include laws, regulations, parliamentary debates, specialized magazines and newspapers. Historical analysis shows that, parallel to the universalization of the category of vecino, after the universalization of the municipal vote, this category was erected as a tool of governmental management, which allows the differentiation of different groups of the city, while was consolidated as an effective way of moral evaluation of the inhabitants of the city.
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