Gubernamentalidad ambiental y resistencia: El caso del conflicto entre guardaparques y funcionarios de un parque provincial bonaerense

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Fecha
12/2023
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Revista
Revista del Museo de Antropología
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Institución organizadora
ISSN
1852-060X
eISSN
1852-4826
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Español
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Resumen
En este trabajo busco analizar cómo es la praxis ambiental de los guardaparques y la de los funcionarios que trabajan en el Parque Pereyra Iraola (Bs.As., Argentina), para comprender por qué se volvió antagónica la relación entre ambos. Analicé la gestión estatal, de identidad peronista, durante el período 2019-23 en términos de gubernamentalidad ambiental, principalmente a partir de la conformación de un comité de gestión interministerial que se constituyó en la máxima autoridad ambiental del territorio. Los guardaparques, también identificados con el peronismo, recibieron con entusiasmo la victoria de la actual gestión pero, luego de una serie de eventos conflictivos, la relación con los funcionarios se tornó antagónica. A partir del trabajo de campo etnográfico realizado pude observar que el conflicto entre ambos se sustentaba en las formas disímiles de habitar el territorio, ya que mientras que la praxis ambiental de los guardaparques era –en términos de la perspectiva del habitar de Ingold– in-habitante, la del comité de gestión era en cambio ex-habitante. Concluyo valorando los aportes de la perspectiva etnográfica a los estudios sobre problemáticas ambientales y la importancia de intentar comprender las perspectivas locales, relegadas hoy por los análisis hegemónicos basados en parámetros cuantitativos globales.
In this paper I analyze how the environmental praxis of the park rangers and the public officials who work in Pereyra Iraola Park (Buenos Aires, Argentina) is, in order to understand why the relationship between the two has become antagonistic. I analyzed public management, of Peronist identity, during the period 2019-23 in terms of environmental governmentality, mainly based on the constitution of an interministerial management committee that became the highest environmental authority in the territory. The park rangers, also identified with Peronism, enthusiastically applauded the victory of the current management, but after a series of conflictive events, the relationship with the public officials became antagonistic. Based on the ethnographic fieldwork done, I observed how the conflict between them was based on the contrasting ways of dwelling in the territory, because while the environmental praxis of the park rangers was –in terms of Ingold’s perspective of dwelling– in-habitant, the management committee’s was, instead, ex-habitant. I conclude by valuing the contributions of the ethnographic perspective to studies on environmental issues and the relevance to understand local perspectives, nowadays relegated by hegemonic analyses based on global quantitative standards.
In this paper I analyze how the environmental praxis of the park rangers and the public officials who work in Pereyra Iraola Park (Buenos Aires, Argentina) is, in order to understand why the relationship between the two has become antagonistic. I analyzed public management, of Peronist identity, during the period 2019-23 in terms of environmental governmentality, mainly based on the constitution of an interministerial management committee that became the highest environmental authority in the territory. The park rangers, also identified with Peronism, enthusiastically applauded the victory of the current management, but after a series of conflictive events, the relationship with the public officials became antagonistic. Based on the ethnographic fieldwork done, I observed how the conflict between them was based on the contrasting ways of dwelling in the territory, because while the environmental praxis of the park rangers was –in terms of Ingold’s perspective of dwelling– in-habitant, the management committee’s was, instead, ex-habitant. I conclude by valuing the contributions of the ethnographic perspective to studies on environmental issues and the relevance to understand local perspectives, nowadays relegated by hegemonic analyses based on global quantitative standards.
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