Proposiciones acerca del concepto de cultura y ethos barroco en la obra de Bolívar Echeverría

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Fecha
12/2024
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Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Facultad de Letras y Ciencias Humanas
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1995-6967
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2707-6334
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La original obra desarrollada por el pensador Bolívar Echeverría se comprende como animada por la intención de configurar una teoría crítica acerca de la modernidad capitalista que promueva alternativas superadoras. Para ello se repasan algunas de las concepciones fundamentales que propone en sus tesis sobre el campo cultural desde una perspectiva latinoamericana. En un primer momento del artículo se repasa la caracterización que propone Echeverría acerca del concepto de cultura. Esta noción es entendida a partir de una doble condición que se da entre la reproducción social, que se refieren al ámbito material de la existencia, y la producción de significaciones como capacidad específica del ser humano. Desde esta perspectiva ensaya un enfoque comunicacional y lingüístico de la cultura con sus correlaciones con lo antropológico y político. En un segundo momento se hace referencia a la noción de ethos barroco propuesta por el autor como característica propia de la cultura latinoamericana. Mediante este comportamiento disfuncional y negativo que recurre a la imaginación entiende que se manifiesta una estrategia de neutralización de la contradicción capitalista a través del cual se sobrelleva la vida cotidiana. Por último, se señalan ciertas alusiones al significado político de las reflexiones del autor sobre las alternativas para avanzar hacia una sociedad poscapitalista.
The original work developed by the thinker Bolívar Echeverría is understood as animated by the intention of configuring a critical theory about capitalist modernity that promotes overcoming alternatives. To do so, some of the fundamental conceptions that he proposes in his theses on the cultural field are reviewed from a Latin American perspective. In the first part of the article, the characterization that Echeverría proposes about the concept of culture is reviewed. This notion is understood from a double condition that occurs between social reproduction, which refers to the material sphere of existence, and the production of meanings as a specific capacity of the human being. From this perspective, he tries a communicational and linguistic approach to culture with its correlations with the anthropological and political. In a second part, reference is made to the notion of baroque ethos proposed by the author as a characteristic of Latin American culture. Through this dysfunctional and negative behavior that resorts to imagination, he understands that a strategy of neutralization of the capitalist contradiction is manifested through which everyday life is endured. Finally, certain allusions are pointed out to the political meaning of the author’s reflections on the alternatives to advance towards a post-capitalist society
Bolívar Echeverría hamutaq runapa kikin kaq qillqa qillqasqanmi kawsachisqahinata musyachikun qispichisqa akllasqa ruwaynin ima, kunan pachayachisqa qullqichakusqanmanta huk iñispa kuskinarispa allichaynin munayninmanta qukun. Chaypaqmi musuqmanta wakin chaninsapa yuyaymanakunata akllakun, ima Apyayalapa ima kaq kawsayninpa qawayninmanta taripayninpi ima sakuman. Kay qillqapi huk ñiq’inpiqa Echeverría runaqa kawsaypa rimay qallarismanta sakumachin imayna kaqnin kaqmanta qawapayaspa. Kay yachayqa yachakunmi iskay kaq qukusqanmanta kayqa qukuntaqmi runa michachikuyninmanta ima qawachintaqmi ima chiqap kaq kaqpa qawakuyninmanta mirayninmantawan sutillachiyninmantapas imayna chiqap runakunapa atikuyninmanhina. Kay qawakuyninmantam huk rimapayaypa qawakuynin kaqninmanta kuskinakun hinallataq, llaqta kamachiy runachakuyninwan, runapa kaqnin kaqmanta yachayninwan, ima kawsaypa kaqninwan rimayninwanpas tinkinakuyninwanpas. Iskaynin kaq pataqapi rimakunmi kapchiy, simi kapchiy, kawsaypa usunpa sakumayninta qillqaqninpa Apyayalapa kawsayninpa imayna kikinpa kaqniyuqtahina. Kay mana ruwayniyuqninta mana allin kaqniyuqta ima yuyaymanaman hapipakuspa yachakun ima harkapachikuyninpa huk ruwayniyuq quchikun, kutipachin qullqiyuq runakunapa ima kayninta sapa punchaw kawsay apakun. Tukupayninpiñataqmi, tukupachikun imayna llaqta runakunapa kamachiynin sutichakusqanmanta kikin qillqaqpa yuyaymanasqanmanta hapispa, qullqiyuqkunapa qipanchasqanman qatipanapaq imayna allichakuyninmanta huk runakunapa huk kawsayninman apaspa.
The original work developed by the thinker Bolívar Echeverría is understood as animated by the intention of configuring a critical theory about capitalist modernity that promotes overcoming alternatives. To do so, some of the fundamental conceptions that he proposes in his theses on the cultural field are reviewed from a Latin American perspective. In the first part of the article, the characterization that Echeverría proposes about the concept of culture is reviewed. This notion is understood from a double condition that occurs between social reproduction, which refers to the material sphere of existence, and the production of meanings as a specific capacity of the human being. From this perspective, he tries a communicational and linguistic approach to culture with its correlations with the anthropological and political. In a second part, reference is made to the notion of baroque ethos proposed by the author as a characteristic of Latin American culture. Through this dysfunctional and negative behavior that resorts to imagination, he understands that a strategy of neutralization of the capitalist contradiction is manifested through which everyday life is endured. Finally, certain allusions are pointed out to the political meaning of the author’s reflections on the alternatives to advance towards a post-capitalist society
Bolívar Echeverría hamutaq runapa kikin kaq qillqa qillqasqanmi kawsachisqahinata musyachikun qispichisqa akllasqa ruwaynin ima, kunan pachayachisqa qullqichakusqanmanta huk iñispa kuskinarispa allichaynin munayninmanta qukun. Chaypaqmi musuqmanta wakin chaninsapa yuyaymanakunata akllakun, ima Apyayalapa ima kaq kawsayninpa qawayninmanta taripayninpi ima sakuman. Kay qillqapi huk ñiq’inpiqa Echeverría runaqa kawsaypa rimay qallarismanta sakumachin imayna kaqnin kaqmanta qawapayaspa. Kay yachayqa yachakunmi iskay kaq qukusqanmanta kayqa qukuntaqmi runa michachikuyninmanta ima qawachintaqmi ima chiqap kaq kaqpa qawakuyninmanta mirayninmantawan sutillachiyninmantapas imayna chiqap runakunapa atikuyninmanhina. Kay qawakuyninmantam huk rimapayaypa qawakuynin kaqninmanta kuskinakun hinallataq, llaqta kamachiy runachakuyninwan, runapa kaqnin kaqmanta yachayninwan, ima kawsaypa kaqninwan rimayninwanpas tinkinakuyninwanpas. Iskaynin kaq pataqapi rimakunmi kapchiy, simi kapchiy, kawsaypa usunpa sakumayninta qillqaqninpa Apyayalapa kawsayninpa imayna kikinpa kaqniyuqtahina. Kay mana ruwayniyuqninta mana allin kaqniyuqta ima yuyaymanaman hapipakuspa yachakun ima harkapachikuyninpa huk ruwayniyuq quchikun, kutipachin qullqiyuq runakunapa ima kayninta sapa punchaw kawsay apakun. Tukupayninpiñataqmi, tukupachikun imayna llaqta runakunapa kamachiynin sutichakusqanmanta kikin qillqaqpa yuyaymanasqanmanta hapispa, qullqiyuqkunapa qipanchasqanman qatipanapaq imayna allichakuyninmanta huk runakunapa huk kawsayninman apaspa.
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