Tras los rastros pragmatistas en Antonio Gramsci: Recepción y reformulación en la filosofía de la praxis

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12/2014
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Universidade de Fortaleza
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Revista de Humanidades
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1414-042X
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El presente artículo se proponecomo objetivo central rastrear, presentar y problematizar algunos núcleosconceptuales que, en el marco de la profusa producción filosófica/politica deAntonio Gramsci, pueden considerarse deudores de la tradición pragmatista. Enese sentido, se buscará revelar cuáles han sido las reformulaciones llevadas acabo por el pensador sardo con el fin de adecuar las nociones de sentido comúny previsión dentro de su concepción filosófica, así como de sus potencialidadespara la acción política en la Italia de su tiempo. Para ello, pondremosespecial énfasis en la diferenciación entre el primigenio pragmatismonorteamericano, representado fundamentalmente por William James, y el de susexponentes italianos, como Mario Calderoni, Giovanni Vailati, Giovanni Papini yGiuseppe Prezzolini.Los dos últimos, notoriamenteinfluyentes en la temprana formación intelectual de Gramsci. El resultado deeste recorrido evidenciará las tensiones existentes en el interior de su propiosistema de ideas, fruto de un denodado esfuerzo por desprenderse de la pesadaherencia positivista y de la entronización de la racionalidad de la acción,adoptando un enfoque crítico de la epistemología empiricista y rescatando elvalor de los prejuicios, tan desdeñados por esa corriente de ideas.
This paper aims as its principal objective to trace, present and problematize some conceptual cores, under profuse philosophical/political production of Antonio Gramsci, debtors can be considered of pragmatist tradition. In this regard, efforts will reveal what were the reformulations undertaken by the Sardinian thinker in order to adapt the notions of common sense and foresight in his philosophy, and its potential for political action in the Italy of his time. To do this, we will put special emphasis on the distinction between the primal American pragmatism, represented mainly by William James, and its Italian exponents, as Mario Calderoni, Giovanni Vailati, Giovanni Papini and Giuseppe Prezzolini. The last two, notoriously influence the early intellectual formation of Gramsci. The result of this road map will demonstrate the tensions within his system of ideas, as a result of a determined effort to get rid of the heavy positivist heritage and the enthronement of the rationality of action, adopting a critical approach to empiricist epistemology and recovers the value of prejudices, so despised by that current of ideas.
This paper aims as its principal objective to trace, present and problematize some conceptual cores, under profuse philosophical/political production of Antonio Gramsci, debtors can be considered of pragmatist tradition. In this regard, efforts will reveal what were the reformulations undertaken by the Sardinian thinker in order to adapt the notions of common sense and foresight in his philosophy, and its potential for political action in the Italy of his time. To do this, we will put special emphasis on the distinction between the primal American pragmatism, represented mainly by William James, and its Italian exponents, as Mario Calderoni, Giovanni Vailati, Giovanni Papini and Giuseppe Prezzolini. The last two, notoriously influence the early intellectual formation of Gramsci. The result of this road map will demonstrate the tensions within his system of ideas, as a result of a determined effort to get rid of the heavy positivist heritage and the enthronement of the rationality of action, adopting a critical approach to empiricist epistemology and recovers the value of prejudices, so despised by that current of ideas.
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