Violencia verbal y otras prácticas de discriminación étnico-racial hacia estudiantes indígenas y afrodescendientes en universidades de América Latina

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05/2025
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Universidad Iberoamericana
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Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Educativos
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0185-1284
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Se documenta la persistencia de modalidades de violencia verbal y otras prácticas de discriminación étnico-racial hacia estudiantes indígenas y afrodescendientes en universidades de América Latina. Además, se identifican algunos factores institucionales que posibilitan su reproducción en estos ámbitos y se proponen algunas iniciativas para combatirlas. Primero, se analiza la discriminación étnico-racial, como manifestación y mecanismo de reproducción del racismo, con especial atención a su relevancia en las universidades; luego, se examinan los principales lineamientos sobre discriminación racial establecidos en algunos instrumentos jurídicos internacionales; después, se presenta una síntesis analítica de algunos testimonios de prácticas de discriminación étnico-racial hacia estudiantes indígenas y afrodescendientes en universidades de 11 países de América Latina, expuestos en publicaciones académicas; posteriormente, se ofrece una sistematización analítica de las respuestas de 545 estudiantes de universidades de 17 países de la región a una consulta exploratoria realizada para este estudio. Con base en toda esta información, se identifican algunos factores institucionales, es decir, propios de las universidades, que posibilitan que las prácticas de discriminación étnico-racial continúen reproduciéndose en ellas. Finalmente, se proponen algunas iniciativas para combatirlas.
The persistence of verbal violence and other practices of ethnic-racial discrimination against indigenous and Afro-descendant students in Latin American universities is documented. Additionally, some institutional factors that enable their reproduction in these environments are identified, and initiatives to combat them are proposed. First, ethnic-racial discrimination is analyzed as a manifestation and mechanism for reproducing racism, with special attention to its relevance in universities; then, the main guidelines on racial discrimination established in some international legal instruments are examined; afterwards, an analytical synthesis of testimonies of ethnic-racial discrimination practices against indigenous and Afro-descendant students in universities across 11 Latin American countries, presented in academic publications, is provided; subsequently, an analytical systematization of responses from 545 university students from 17 countries in the region to an exploratory consultation conducted for this study is offered. Based on all this information, certain institutional factors—that is, those specific to universities—that enable ethnic-racial discrimination practices to continue reproducing within them are identified. Finally, some initiatives to combat these practices are proposed.
The persistence of verbal violence and other practices of ethnic-racial discrimination against indigenous and Afro-descendant students in Latin American universities is documented. Additionally, some institutional factors that enable their reproduction in these environments are identified, and initiatives to combat them are proposed. First, ethnic-racial discrimination is analyzed as a manifestation and mechanism for reproducing racism, with special attention to its relevance in universities; then, the main guidelines on racial discrimination established in some international legal instruments are examined; afterwards, an analytical synthesis of testimonies of ethnic-racial discrimination practices against indigenous and Afro-descendant students in universities across 11 Latin American countries, presented in academic publications, is provided; subsequently, an analytical systematization of responses from 545 university students from 17 countries in the region to an exploratory consultation conducted for this study is offered. Based on all this information, certain institutional factors—that is, those specific to universities—that enable ethnic-racial discrimination practices to continue reproducing within them are identified. Finally, some initiatives to combat these practices are proposed.
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