Morfología y desarrollo de flores cleistógamas en Macroptilium fraternum (Fabaceae)

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Fecha
12/2000
Editorial
Museo Botánico
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Kurtziana
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ISSN
0075-7314
eISSN
1852-5962
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Resumen
En este aporte se describen dos tipos de flores (cleistógamas preantesis y pseudocleistógamas), presentadas en inflorescencias de diferente aspecto, observadas en dos poblaciones naturales de Macroptilium fraternum, que crecen en condiciones edáficas diferentes. La morfología de ambos tipos de flores en las dos poblaciones es similar, sin embargo, las pseudocleistógamas nunca despliegan sus alas, por lo tanto no exponen la quilla ni permiten que se posen visitantes florales. En ambos tipos de flores, los tricomas estilares, cuya estructura se describe, son relictos funcionales en la presentación del polen, porque cuando en el capullo el estigma (húmedo papiloso) está receptivo y las anteras están dehiscentes, fluye el exudado estigmático y germinan tanto los granos de polen presentados en estos tricomas como los depositados en el estigma. Con base en lo observado se infiere que los tricomas estilares son un estado plesiomórfico debido a que durante la ontogenia se encuentran completamente desarrollados, en tanto que los tricomas del ovario recién comienzan a diferen- ciarse. El margen del limbo del estandarte está cubierto con células globosas estriadas cuya función podría ser glandular como se ha observado en flores de Caesalpiniaceae. Debido a que las poblaciones estudiadas en las dos localidades presentaban flores pseudocleistógamas y cleistógamas preantesis, se infiere que las condicio- nes edáficas no condicionan la producción de los tipos florales en Macroptilium fraternum.
The development of the two kinds of flowers (cleistogamous preanthesis and pseudocleistogamous flowers), found in Macroptilium fraternum is described. These two kinds of flowers were presented in different inflorescences of the same plant. Two populations that grow in different soil conditions were studied . The morphology of both kinds of flowers is similar in the analyzed populations, but in the pseudocleistogamous the wings never unfold, so the flower cannot receive visitors. In both kinds of flowers the sculptured stylar trichomes, which present the pollen, here are described, these are functionally relictual. In the bud stage the stigma (wet papillae) start to be receptive, simultaneously, the anthers opens and the stigmatic exudate flows down. The pollen grains covering these trichomes and the stigma, germinate. On the basis of the present observations, it is possible to infer that the stylar trichomes are a plesiomorphic state because during the ontogeny are completely developed when the ovary trichomes start to grow. The margin of the standard’s limb is covered with striate papillae which function perhaps should be glandular as it was reported in flowers of Caesalpiniaceae. Here is assumed that the soil doesn’t influence the production of both kinds of flowers, because of in the two populations studied, cleistogamous preanthesis and pseudocleistogamous flowers were found.
The development of the two kinds of flowers (cleistogamous preanthesis and pseudocleistogamous flowers), found in Macroptilium fraternum is described. These two kinds of flowers were presented in different inflorescences of the same plant. Two populations that grow in different soil conditions were studied . The morphology of both kinds of flowers is similar in the analyzed populations, but in the pseudocleistogamous the wings never unfold, so the flower cannot receive visitors. In both kinds of flowers the sculptured stylar trichomes, which present the pollen, here are described, these are functionally relictual. In the bud stage the stigma (wet papillae) start to be receptive, simultaneously, the anthers opens and the stigmatic exudate flows down. The pollen grains covering these trichomes and the stigma, germinate. On the basis of the present observations, it is possible to infer that the stylar trichomes are a plesiomorphic state because during the ontogeny are completely developed when the ovary trichomes start to grow. The margin of the standard’s limb is covered with striate papillae which function perhaps should be glandular as it was reported in flowers of Caesalpiniaceae. Here is assumed that the soil doesn’t influence the production of both kinds of flowers, because of in the two populations studied, cleistogamous preanthesis and pseudocleistogamous flowers were found.
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