Estado nutricional de ovinos en pastoreo extensivo en campos de la Meseta Central Santacruceña
; Ceballos, Demian ; Moscardi, Carla Araceli ; Andrade, Larry Dennys
; Ceccato César, Diana Valeria Otros responsables
Fecha
12/2025
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral. Secretaría de Ciencia y Tecnología
Revista
Informes Científicos y Técnicos UNPA
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1852-4516
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Español
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Resumen
La ganadería ovina en Patagonia se desarrolla sobre pastizales naturales. El objetivo del trabajo fue estimar la calidad nutricional del pastizal natural en el área de Meseta Central Santacruceña. Un estimador del estado nutricional de animales bajo pastoreo extensivo es el nitrógeno fecal (NF). En agosto 2020 en el sitio S49º 16`O 67º 44` se identificaron distintas especies consumidas por los ovinos y se conformó un pool para determinar porcentaje de proteína bruta y digestibilidad in vitro de la materia seca. Se muestrearon tres majadas categorías ovejas (2021) y borregas (2022). En ambos años, en junio y septiembre, se registró peso vivo y condición corporal de 50 ovinos. En 20 animales de cada establecimiento (3) se tomaron muestras de materia fecal del recto, realizando un pool por establecimiento para determinación de nitrógeno mediante el método Kjeldahl. Los resultados del análisis del pastizal natural mostraron una digestibilidad del 53,2% y 4,4% de proteína bruta. En ambas categorías se observó una variación mínima del peso vivo y condición corporal. El rango de NF en la categoría ovejas para junio 2021 fue entre 1,21% – 1,33% y en septiembre 2021 de 1,11% - 1,36%. En las borregas los rangos fueron 1,13% – 1,24% en junio 2022 y 1,07% - 1,42% en septiembre 2022. Los resultados obtenidos permiten inferir que el pastizal natural no cubre los requerimientos nutricionales de la majada en momentos críticos del ciclo productivo, especialmente en el periparto, confirmando la necesidad de corregir la dieta de los ovinos en determinados momentos del año.
Sheep farming in Patagonia is carried out on natural pastures. The objective of the work was to estimate the nutritional quality of the natural grassland in the Central Santacruceña Plateau area. An estimator of the nutritional status of animals under extensive grazing is fecal nitrogen (NF). In August 2020, at the site S49º 16`O 67º 44`, different species consumed by sheep were identified and a pool was formed to determine the percentage of crude protein and in vitro digestibility of dry matter. 3 flocks of the sheep category (2021) and lamb (2022) were sampled. In both years, in June and September, live weight and body condition of 50 sheep were recorded. In 20 animals from each field, samples of fecal matter were taken from the rectum, making a pool per livestock establishment for nitrogen determination using the Kjeldahl method. The results of the analysis of the natural grassland showed a digestibility of 53.2% and 4.4% of crude protein. In both categories, a minimal variation in live weight and body condition was observed. The range of NF in the sheep category varied in June 2021 between 1.21% - 1.33% and in September 2021 from 1.11% - 1.36%. In the lambs, the ranges were 1.13% - 1.24% in June 2022 and 1.07% - 1.42% in September 2022. The results obtained allow us to infer that the natural pasture would not cover the nutritional requirements of the flock in critical moments of the productive cycle, especially in the peripartum, confirming the need to correct the diet of sheep at certain times of the year.
Sheep farming in Patagonia is carried out on natural pastures. The objective of the work was to estimate the nutritional quality of the natural grassland in the Central Santacruceña Plateau area. An estimator of the nutritional status of animals under extensive grazing is fecal nitrogen (NF). In August 2020, at the site S49º 16`O 67º 44`, different species consumed by sheep were identified and a pool was formed to determine the percentage of crude protein and in vitro digestibility of dry matter. 3 flocks of the sheep category (2021) and lamb (2022) were sampled. In both years, in June and September, live weight and body condition of 50 sheep were recorded. In 20 animals from each field, samples of fecal matter were taken from the rectum, making a pool per livestock establishment for nitrogen determination using the Kjeldahl method. The results of the analysis of the natural grassland showed a digestibility of 53.2% and 4.4% of crude protein. In both categories, a minimal variation in live weight and body condition was observed. The range of NF in the sheep category varied in June 2021 between 1.21% - 1.33% and in September 2021 from 1.11% - 1.36%. In the lambs, the ranges were 1.13% - 1.24% in June 2022 and 1.07% - 1.42% in September 2022. The results obtained allow us to infer that the natural pasture would not cover the nutritional requirements of the flock in critical moments of the productive cycle, especially in the peripartum, confirming the need to correct the diet of sheep at certain times of the year.
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