Diversidad zoológica: impactos de los desmontes alternativos en el Chaco Paraguayo sobre la fauna nativa de vertebrados
; Galliari, Carlos Alberto 
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12/2022
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Universidad Autónoma de Entre Ríos. Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología
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Archivos de Ciencia y Tecnología
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2953-4852
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Las observaciones se realizaron en campos intervenidos con diferentes métodos de desmonte(con/sin retención de islas de Monte nativo). Las evaluaciones preliminares fueron realizadasexclusivamente sobre vertebrados terrestres en diciembre de 1998, y fueron parte de InformesTécnicos de Proyectos binacionales BGR, Alemania-Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganaderíadel Paraguay en 1999. Los objetivos del relevamiento fueron: identificar especies de vertebradospresentes; reconocer y definir diferentes “ambientes” representados; observar ocurrenciasespecíficas en relación a los “ambientes”; identificar la diversidad propia de cada“ambiente”, y evaluar el efecto de los diferentes tipos de desmonte sobre la diversidad faunísticanativa. Durante once días consecutivos de relevamiento se reconocieron 230 especiesde vertebrados terrestres en el área de trabajo (15 Anfibios, 18 Reptiles, 170 Aves, 27 Mamíferos).De acuerdo a los datos obtenidos, mantener parches de ambiente nativo dentro deáreas desmontadas favorece la preservación de diversidad nativa, frente a no hacerlo; mantenercorredores de ambiente nativo perimetrales mejora el tránsito de diferentes especies,aunque debe evaluarse su amplitud y las áreas no disturbadas que conecte; los ambientes de“borde” mantienen una diversidad elevada, pero dejar parches internos (islas) en zonas desmontadas aumenta significativamente la proporción de ese tipo de ambiente (“borde”) y larepresentación de especies especialistas, situación que puede des-balancear el “equilibrio”específico nativo.
We made observations in fields interfered with different clearing methods (with/without retention of islands of native forest). Preliminary assessments were carried out exclusively on terrestrial vertebrates in December 1998, and were part of the Technical Reports of BGR, Germany-Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería of Paraguay binational Projects in 1999. The objectives were: to identify species of vertebrates present; recognize and define different “environments” represented; observe specific occurrences in relation to the “environments”; identify the diversity of each "environment"; to evaluate the effect on the native fauna diversity of the different types of clearing. During eleven consecutive days of surveying, 230 species of terrestrial vertebrates were recognized in the work area (15 Amphibians, 18 Reptiles, 170 Birds, 27 Mammals). According to the data obtained, maintaining patches of native environment within cleared areas favors the preservation of native diversity, compared to not doing so; maintaining perimeter corridors of native environment improves the transit of different species, although its width and the undisturbed areas it connects must be evaluated; “edge-transitional” environments maintain a high diversity, but leaving internal patches (islands) in cleared areas significantly increases the proportion of this type of environment (“edge-transitional”) and the representation of specialist species, a situation that can unbalance the native specific “balance”.
We made observations in fields interfered with different clearing methods (with/without retention of islands of native forest). Preliminary assessments were carried out exclusively on terrestrial vertebrates in December 1998, and were part of the Technical Reports of BGR, Germany-Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería of Paraguay binational Projects in 1999. The objectives were: to identify species of vertebrates present; recognize and define different “environments” represented; observe specific occurrences in relation to the “environments”; identify the diversity of each "environment"; to evaluate the effect on the native fauna diversity of the different types of clearing. During eleven consecutive days of surveying, 230 species of terrestrial vertebrates were recognized in the work area (15 Amphibians, 18 Reptiles, 170 Birds, 27 Mammals). According to the data obtained, maintaining patches of native environment within cleared areas favors the preservation of native diversity, compared to not doing so; maintaining perimeter corridors of native environment improves the transit of different species, although its width and the undisturbed areas it connects must be evaluated; “edge-transitional” environments maintain a high diversity, but leaving internal patches (islands) in cleared areas significantly increases the proportion of this type of environment (“edge-transitional”) and the representation of specialist species, a situation that can unbalance the native specific “balance”.
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