Aprender con otrxs en el plurigrado: Análisis de una secuencia didáctica sobre el sistema de numeración

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Fecha
09/2023
Editorial
Universidad Iberoamericana Ciudad de México. Instituto de Investigaciones para el Desarrollo de la Educación; Red Temática de Investigación de Educación Rural
Revista
Revista Iberoamericana de Educación Rural
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2992-7730
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Resumen
Este trabajo indaga procesos de construcción de conocimientos numéricos promovidos por situaciones de enseñanza que modifican las condiciones didácticas habituales de plurigrados rurales. Estudia el aprendizaje escolar con un enfoque situacional buscando aportar conocimiento al problema pedagógico-didáctico que plantean las secciones múltiples rurales. Se presenta un análisis cualitativo de una secuencia didáctica sobre sistema de numeración, que considera las características organizacionales del plurigrado, aprovechándolas para promover aprendizajes infantiles. El plurigrado plantea condiciones de escolarización diferentes de las aulas estándar. La formación docente inicial y la mayoría de investigaciones están estructuradas según la lógica de la escuela urbana, graduada por edades. Esto plantea un desafío para lxs docentes del plurigrado si no disponen de herramientas específicas para enseñar contenidos de grados diferentes en condiciones de enseñanza simultánea.Colaborativamente entre investigadoras y docentes, se diseñó e implementó una secuencia didáctica para primer ciclo, que buscó promover las interacciones entre pares y la participación conjunta de niñxs de distintos grados. Encontramos que ciertas condiciones didácticas, generadas por la modalidad de la propuesta y las intervenciones docentes, permitieron dar lugar a la diversidad de saberes de lxs estudiantes, quienes participaron de las actividades según sus conocimientos disponibles y pudieron avanzar en sus procesos de aprendizaje.
This work investigates processes of construction of numerical knowledge promoted by teaching situations that modify the usual didactic conditions of rural multi-grade courses. It studies school learning with a situational approach seeking to contribute knowledge to the pedagogical-didactic problem posed by multiple rural sections. A qualitative analysis of a didactic sequence on the numbering system is presented, which considers the organizational characteristics of the multigrade, taking advantage of them to promote children's learning. The plurigrade proposes different schooling conditions from standard classrooms. Initial teacher training and most research are structured according to the logic of the urban school, graded by age. This poses a challenge for multigrade teachers if they do not have specific tools to teach content from different grades in simultaneous teaching conditions. Collaboratively between researchers and teachers, a didactic sequence was designed and implemented for the first cycle, which sought to promote interactions between peers and the joint participation of children from different grades. We found that certain didactic conditions, generated by the modality of the proposal and the teaching interventions, allowed for the diversity of knowledge of the students, who participated in the activities according to their available knowledge and were able to advance in their learning processes.
This work investigates processes of construction of numerical knowledge promoted by teaching situations that modify the usual didactic conditions of rural multi-grade courses. It studies school learning with a situational approach seeking to contribute knowledge to the pedagogical-didactic problem posed by multiple rural sections. A qualitative analysis of a didactic sequence on the numbering system is presented, which considers the organizational characteristics of the multigrade, taking advantage of them to promote children's learning. The plurigrade proposes different schooling conditions from standard classrooms. Initial teacher training and most research are structured according to the logic of the urban school, graded by age. This poses a challenge for multigrade teachers if they do not have specific tools to teach content from different grades in simultaneous teaching conditions. Collaboratively between researchers and teachers, a didactic sequence was designed and implemented for the first cycle, which sought to promote interactions between peers and the joint participation of children from different grades. We found that certain didactic conditions, generated by the modality of the proposal and the teaching interventions, allowed for the diversity of knowledge of the students, who participated in the activities according to their available knowledge and were able to advance in their learning processes.
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