Novedoso inmunoensayo multiplex por Citometría de Flujo para la detección simultánea y discriminativa de GADA e IA-2A en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus
; Faccinetti, Natalia Ines
; Bombicino, Silvina Sonia
; Rovitto, Bruno David ; Sabljic, Adriana Victoria ; Trabucchi, Aldana
; Penas Steinhardt, Alberto
; Poskus, Edgardo
; Iacono, Ruben Francisco
; Valdez, Silvina Noemi 
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Fecha
06/2018
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Asociación Bioquímica Argentina
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Bioquímica y Patología Clínica
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1515-6761
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La Diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 (DMT1) es un trastorno autoinmune con pérdida de tolerancia hacia antígenos de las células beta-pancreáticas y presenta autoanticuerpos en circulación dirigidos contra ellos. El objetivo de este trabajo fue desarrollar un inmunoensayo basado en Citometría de Flujo (CF) para la determinación combinada y discriminativa de los principales autoanticuerpos de DMT1: anti-glutamato decarboxilasa (GADA) y anti-proteína tirosina fosfatasa IA-2 (IA 2A). Se emplearon 48 sueros de pacientes con DMT1. Para la CF, se inmovilizaron microesferas de 4 y 5 μm con cada uno de los autoantígenos recombinantes (TrxGAD y TrxIA-2ic, respectivamente). Se incubó el suero con una mezcla de ambas microesferas, y se detectaron los inmunocomplejos con una mezcla de TrxGAD-biotina/TrxIA-2ic-biotina, y luego 50,00 ng de estreptavidina-ficoeritrina. Los resultados obtenidos por la CF fueron contrastados con el ensayo de unión de radioligando (RBA). Se detectó GADA en un 52,1 % de sueros empleando RBA (SDsmediana 3,08 y rango (-0,85) - 42,26 SDs) y un 60,9 % con IA-2A (SDsmediana 6,39 y rango (-2,95) - 39,92 SDs), evidenciando un 77,1 % de muestras con componente autoinmune y 100 % de especificidad en ambos ensayos. Por CF, se detectó un 68,8 % de pacientes con GADA (SDsmediana 5,66 y rango (-1,89) - 124,10 SDs, sensibilidad analítica del 100 % y especificidad de 98 %) y un 41,7 % de IA-2A (SDsmediana 0,19 y rango (-2,08) - 62,07 SDs, 64,5 % de sensibilidad analítica y 93,9 % de especificidad). Se descubrió autoinmunidad en el 77,1 % de las muestras. Se logró desarrollar un inmunoensayo por CF que permitió la detección de autoinmunidad con el mismo desempeño que dos determinaciones independientes por RBA.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder with loss of tolerance to antigens of pancreatic beta-cells and presents circulating autoantibodies directed against them. The objective of this work was to develop an immunoassay based on Flow Cytometry (FC) for the combined and discriminative determination of the main T1DM markers: GADA and IA-2A. For FC, 4- and 5-μm-microspheres were immobilized with each of the recombinant autoantigens (TrxGAD and TrxIA-2ic, respectively). The serum was incubated with a mixture of both microspheres, and the immunocomplexes were detected with a mixture of TrxGAD-biotin and TrxIA-2icbiotin, and then 50,00 ng of streptavidin-phycoerythrin was added. The final mixture was acquired on a flow cytometer. The results obtained were compared with the reference method (RBA). GADA was detected in 52.1 % of sera using RBA (SDsmedian 3.08 and range (-0.85) - 42.26 SDs) and 60.9 % with IA-2A (SDsmedian 6.39 and range (-2.95) -39.92 SDs), evidencing 77.1 % of samples with autoimmunity and 100 % of specificity in both assays. By FC, 68.8 % of patients were detected with GADA (SDsmedian 5.66 and range (-1.89) - 124.10 SDs, analytical sensitivity of 100 % and specificity of 98 %) and 41.7 % with IA-2A (SDsmedian 0.19 and range (-2.08) - 62.07 SDs, 64.5 % of analytical sensitivity and 93.9 % of specificity). Autoimmunity was detected in 77.1 % of the samples. It was possible to develop a FC-based immunoassay that allowed the detection of autoimmunity with the same performance as two independent RBA determinations.
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder with loss of tolerance to antigens of pancreatic beta-cells and presents circulating autoantibodies directed against them. The objective of this work was to develop an immunoassay based on Flow Cytometry (FC) for the combined and discriminative determination of the main T1DM markers: GADA and IA-2A. For FC, 4- and 5-μm-microspheres were immobilized with each of the recombinant autoantigens (TrxGAD and TrxIA-2ic, respectively). The serum was incubated with a mixture of both microspheres, and the immunocomplexes were detected with a mixture of TrxGAD-biotin and TrxIA-2icbiotin, and then 50,00 ng of streptavidin-phycoerythrin was added. The final mixture was acquired on a flow cytometer. The results obtained were compared with the reference method (RBA). GADA was detected in 52.1 % of sera using RBA (SDsmedian 3.08 and range (-0.85) - 42.26 SDs) and 60.9 % with IA-2A (SDsmedian 6.39 and range (-2.95) -39.92 SDs), evidencing 77.1 % of samples with autoimmunity and 100 % of specificity in both assays. By FC, 68.8 % of patients were detected with GADA (SDsmedian 5.66 and range (-1.89) - 124.10 SDs, analytical sensitivity of 100 % and specificity of 98 %) and 41.7 % with IA-2A (SDsmedian 0.19 and range (-2.08) - 62.07 SDs, 64.5 % of analytical sensitivity and 93.9 % of specificity). Autoimmunity was detected in 77.1 % of the samples. It was possible to develop a FC-based immunoassay that allowed the detection of autoimmunity with the same performance as two independent RBA determinations.
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