Neuroinflammation and drug-resistant epilepsy: interleukin 6 as a possible marker
; Martinez, Oscar ; Knorre, Francisco ; Muryan, Alexis ; Young, Pablo ; Ernst, Glenda Marina 
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Fecha
08/2026
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Medicina (Buenos Aires)
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Medicina (Buenos Aires)
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0025-7680
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1669-9106
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Introducción: La neuroinflamación desempeña unpapel clave en la epileptogénesis, estando la interleucina 6 (IL-6) implicada en la epilepsia farmacorresistente(EFR). El objetivo fue comparar los niveles séricos de IL-6entre pacientes con EFR y epilepsia no resistente a losfármacos (n-EFR), y evaluar su relación con el uso dedrogas anticrisis (DAC).Materiales y métodos: Estudio multicéntrico retrospectivo (marzo de 2019 a abril de 2022) en dos hospitalesde Buenos Aires. Se incluyeron pacientes mayores de 18años con epilepsia, al menos con 2 años de seguimientoy sin convulsiones en las últimas 2 semanas. La IL-6sérica se midió mediante ELISA. Se recopilaron datosdemográficos, clínicos y de tratamiento. Las comparaciones se realizaron mediante la prueba t, Mann-Whitney,chi- cuadrado o la prueba exacta de Fisher.Resultados: Se incluyeron 121 pacientes (43 con EFRy 78 con n-EFR). La mediana de los niveles de IL-6 nodifirió significativamente entre ambos grupos. La epilepsia focal y las crisis focales con alteración del estado deconciencia fueron más frecuentes en los pacientes conEFR (p = 0.039). En monoterapia, se observaron nivelesmayores de IL-6 en pacientes que recibían ácido valproico (p = 0.027), especialmente en mujeres (p < 0.05).Conclusión: En esta cohorte, los niveles de IL-6 no seasociaron con la resistencia a los fármacos. Sin embargo,las concentraciones de IL-6 variaron según las DAC y elsexo. Futuros estudios son necesarios para esclarecer elpapel de las citocinas en la epileptogénesis y su posiblevalor como biomarcadores pronósticos.
Introduction: Neuroinflammation plays a key role in epileptogénesis, with interleukin 6 (IL-6) implicated in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The objective was to compare serum IL-6 levels between patients with DRE and non-drug-resistant epilepsy (n-DRE) and to evaluate their relationship with the use of anti-seizure drugs (ASDs). Materials and methods: Retrospective multicentre study (March 2019 to April 2022) in two hospitals in Buenos Aires. Patients >18 years of age with epilepsy, at least 2 years of follow-up and no seizures in the last 2 weeks were included. Serum IL-6 was measured by ELISA. Demographic, clinical and treatment data were collected. Comparisons were made using the t-test, Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test. Results: 121 patients were included (43 with DRE and 78 with n-DRE). The median IL-6 levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. Focal epilepsy and focal seizures with altered consciousness were more frequent in patients with DRE (p = 0.039). In monotherapy, higher IL-6 levels were observed in patients receiving valproic acid (p = 0.027), especially in women (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this cohort, IL-6 levels were not associated with drug resistance. However, IL-6 concentrations varied according to ASD and sex. Future studies are needed to clarify the role of cytokines in epileptogénesis and their possible value as prognostic biomarkers.
Introduction: Neuroinflammation plays a key role in epileptogénesis, with interleukin 6 (IL-6) implicated in drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). The objective was to compare serum IL-6 levels between patients with DRE and non-drug-resistant epilepsy (n-DRE) and to evaluate their relationship with the use of anti-seizure drugs (ASDs). Materials and methods: Retrospective multicentre study (March 2019 to April 2022) in two hospitals in Buenos Aires. Patients >18 years of age with epilepsy, at least 2 years of follow-up and no seizures in the last 2 weeks were included. Serum IL-6 was measured by ELISA. Demographic, clinical and treatment data were collected. Comparisons were made using the t-test, Mann-Whitney test, chi-square test, or Fisher’s exact test. Results: 121 patients were included (43 with DRE and 78 with n-DRE). The median IL-6 levels did not differ significantly between the two groups. Focal epilepsy and focal seizures with altered consciousness were more frequent in patients with DRE (p = 0.039). In monotherapy, higher IL-6 levels were observed in patients receiving valproic acid (p = 0.027), especially in women (p < 0.05). Conclusion: In this cohort, IL-6 levels were not associated with drug resistance. However, IL-6 concentrations varied according to ASD and sex. Future studies are needed to clarify the role of cytokines in epileptogénesis and their possible value as prognostic biomarkers.
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