Movimiento del aire en la cámara de la fachada ventilada: Estudio de casos existentes en la Ciudad de Barcelona, España
; Pardal, Cristina ; Coch, Helena ; Paricio, Ignacio ; Ganem, Carolina 
Otros responsables
Fecha
2017
Editorial
Associação Nacional de Tecnologia do Ambiente Construído
Revista
Título del libro
Nombre del evento
XIV Encontro Nacional de Conforto no Ambiente Construído; X Encontro Latino-Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído
Fecha del evento
2017-09-27
Institución organizadora
Associação Nacional de Tecnologia do Ambiente Construído
ISSN
eISSN
ISBN
978-85-67169-08-8
Idioma
Español
Tipo del evento
Encuentro
Clasificación temática
Palabras clave
Resumen
La Fachada Ventilada (FV) presume una mejora frente a una convencional -de una sola hoja- en cuanto al comportamiento térmico de los espacios, mediante la ventilación de la cámara de aire, limitada por una hoja interior y una exterior, normalmente de juntas abiertas. Sin embargo, en los edificios construidos con FV la situación real en la cámara suele ser diferente a la considerada en los estudios académicos realizados por simulaciones o mediciones de prototipos. El presente trabajo analiza el movimiento de aire en la cámara de la FV de edificios existentes construidos en la ciudad de Barcelona. Se realizaron mediciones in situ en verano (agosto y setiembre) en diez casos de estudio mediante el uso de un anemómetro térmico Testo 405i con telescopio extensible de 400mm y con manejo a través de un teléfono inteligente. La metodología consistió en el monitoreo durante períodos de 30 minutos por la mañana y 30 minutos por la tarde. Los datos se registraron cada dos segundos, según la secuencia: 5 minutos en el exterior, 20 minutos en el interior de la cámara y 5 minutos en el exterior. Los resultados demuestran dos factores determinantes para el adecuado desempeño del movimiento del aire en la cámara de la FV: por un lado, el aumento de incidencia de radiación solar sobre la fachada, y por otro lado, el incremento de las aperturas de entrada y salida de aire en la cámara. En cuanto a las temperaturas las mismas tienden a aumentar en el interior, es decir que siempre hay ganancias de calor en la cámara de aire.
The Ventilated Façade (VF) supposes an improvement compared with a conventional façade –single layerin terms of thermal comfort, through the ventilation of the wall cavity, limited by an inner and an outer layer, usually of open joints. However, in buildings with VF the constructions characteristics in the wall cavity are often different from that considered in academic studies, performed by simulations or prototype measurements. The present work analyses the air movement in the VF wall cavity of existing buildings built in Barcelona city. In situ measurements were made in summer in 10 buildings, using a Testo405i thermal anemometer with management via a smartphone. The methodology consisted in the monitoring of the cases in periods of 30 minutes in the morning and 30 minutes in the afternoon. The data were recorded every two seconds, according to the sequence: 5 minutes outside, 20 minutes inside the wall cavity and 5 minutes outside. The extensible telescope (400mm long) of the anemometer was introduced by the open joints of the outer sheets, so that the sensor is perpendicular to the vertical air flow in the wall cavity. The results show two determining factors for the adequate performance of the air movement in the VF chamber: on the one hand, the increase in the incidence of solar radiation on the facade, and on the other hand, the increase of the entrance and exit apertures of air in the chamber. Besides, temperatures tend to increase in the wall cavity, that is to say that there are always gains of heat in the air chamber.
The Ventilated Façade (VF) supposes an improvement compared with a conventional façade –single layerin terms of thermal comfort, through the ventilation of the wall cavity, limited by an inner and an outer layer, usually of open joints. However, in buildings with VF the constructions characteristics in the wall cavity are often different from that considered in academic studies, performed by simulations or prototype measurements. The present work analyses the air movement in the VF wall cavity of existing buildings built in Barcelona city. In situ measurements were made in summer in 10 buildings, using a Testo405i thermal anemometer with management via a smartphone. The methodology consisted in the monitoring of the cases in periods of 30 minutes in the morning and 30 minutes in the afternoon. The data were recorded every two seconds, according to the sequence: 5 minutes outside, 20 minutes inside the wall cavity and 5 minutes outside. The extensible telescope (400mm long) of the anemometer was introduced by the open joints of the outer sheets, so that the sensor is perpendicular to the vertical air flow in the wall cavity. The results show two determining factors for the adequate performance of the air movement in the VF chamber: on the one hand, the increase in the incidence of solar radiation on the facade, and on the other hand, the increase of the entrance and exit apertures of air in the chamber. Besides, temperatures tend to increase in the wall cavity, that is to say that there are always gains of heat in the air chamber.
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