Influencia del uso de malla antigranizo en la calidad y comportamiento en el almacenamiento de pera cv. Forelle
; del Brío, Josefina
; Vicente, Ariel Roberto
; Raffo Benegas, María Dolores ; Calvo, Gabriela Otros responsables
Fecha
09/2025
Editorial
Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales
Revista
Investigación Joven
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eISSN
2314-3991
ISBN
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Español
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Resumen
El Alto Valle de Río Negro y Neuquén es una de las principales regiones productoras de Pomáceas en Argentina. Las principales inclemencias climáticas son el exceso de radiación y las tormentas de granizo. Las mallas antigranizo son empleadas para atenuar sus efectos. De todos modos, su uso podría afectar la calidad y postcosecha de los frutos. Esto se ha estudiado en varias especies, pero en peras no existen antecedentes. Se evaluó el efecto del empleo de mallas antigranizo en la calidad (peso, calibre, color, porcentaje de cobertura) y madurez (firmeza, sólidos solubles y acidez) de pera cv. Forelle bajo malla. Se determinó el pardeamiento de la piel y los cambios en la concentración de alfa farnasenos y trienos conjugados. No se observó diferencia en el porcentaje de cobertura, en el color de fondo y en la luminosidad. El efecto sobre el peso y el calibre fueron dependientes de la temporada. La madurez no fue afectada por la malla. En poscosecha se observó pardeamiento de la piel luego del almacenamiento, que fue mayor y más severo en la fruta bajo malla. La acumulación de alfa farnasenos no difirió entre tratamientos. Los trienos conjugados alcanzaron mayores valores en los frutos Testigo. El grado de daño en la piel no mostró correlación con la dinámica de estos compuestos. Los resultados indican que empleo de malla antigranizo incrementa la susceptibilidad de pera cv. Forelle al pardeamiento de la piel en la poscosecha.
Alto Valle of Rio Negro and Neuquén is one of the most important pome fruit production regions in Argentina. The climatic adversities are excessive radiation and hailstorms. The anti-hail nets are the technology used to impair their effects. Such nets may be effective to prevent hail damage but may cause changes in fruit quality and postharvest performance. This has been reported in some fruit species. However, in the case of Forelle pear it has not been determined. In this work we evaluated the quality (weight, size, color, percentage coverage, and lightness) and maturity (firmness, soluble solids, and acidity) of Forelle pears grown without (Control) or under anti-hail nets at harvest and after refrigeration. We also determined the changes in peel browning, alpha farnesenes and conjugated trienols accumulation during cold storage. No differences were found on the color cover percentage, peel color and lightness, firmness acidity or soluble solids at harvest. Fruit weight and diameter were more affected by the season than by the treatment. Peel browning during storage was higher and more severe in fruit grown with anti-hail net. Alpha farnesenes accumulation did not differ between treatments. Conjugated trienols peaked after 120 days of storage in both seasons with higher accumulation in the Control. The extent of fruit peel damage did not correlate with alpha farnesenes or conjugated trienols dynamics. Results show that the use of anti-hail nets increases the susceptibility of Forelle pears to peel postharvest browning.
Alto Valle of Rio Negro and Neuquén is one of the most important pome fruit production regions in Argentina. The climatic adversities are excessive radiation and hailstorms. The anti-hail nets are the technology used to impair their effects. Such nets may be effective to prevent hail damage but may cause changes in fruit quality and postharvest performance. This has been reported in some fruit species. However, in the case of Forelle pear it has not been determined. In this work we evaluated the quality (weight, size, color, percentage coverage, and lightness) and maturity (firmness, soluble solids, and acidity) of Forelle pears grown without (Control) or under anti-hail nets at harvest and after refrigeration. We also determined the changes in peel browning, alpha farnesenes and conjugated trienols accumulation during cold storage. No differences were found on the color cover percentage, peel color and lightness, firmness acidity or soluble solids at harvest. Fruit weight and diameter were more affected by the season than by the treatment. Peel browning during storage was higher and more severe in fruit grown with anti-hail net. Alpha farnesenes accumulation did not differ between treatments. Conjugated trienols peaked after 120 days of storage in both seasons with higher accumulation in the Control. The extent of fruit peel damage did not correlate with alpha farnesenes or conjugated trienols dynamics. Results show that the use of anti-hail nets increases the susceptibility of Forelle pears to peel postharvest browning.
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