¿Labores femeninas o trabajo? Mujeres dedicadas a la costura en Buenos Aires, 1852-1862

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09/2019
Editorial
GT Mundos do Trabalho
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Mundos do Trabalho
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1984-9222
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El presente artículo se propone poner el foco en aquellas experiencias ligadas a la costura que no necesariamente implicaron contar con un oicio, que sólo de modo ocasional fueron remuneradas, o que implicaron la transmisión de saberes de la aguja considerados femeninos, en la ciudad de Buenos Aires a mediados del siglo XIX. En un momento de intensos cambios políticos y económicos, se trata de indagar en trayectorias de mujeres que se dedicaron a remendar la ropa de su familia y ocasionalmente cosían “para afuera”, que trabajaban en hogares ajenos como sirvientas y mucamas y cuya habilidad para coser era especíicamente requerida por sus empleadores/as, jovencitas de la élite que bordaban en su tiempo libre y mujeres empleadas en enseñarles labores a niñas en alguna de las escuelas de la ciudad. Con las herramientas de la historia social y a partir de un estudio de la prensa local, censos de población y documentación municipal, se intenta relexionar acerca de qué era considerado trabajo (y qué no) en ese momento y lugar, qué se entendía por caliicación en esta época y qué marcas de género, raza y clase impregnaron esos sentidos, para estas mujeres y para sus contemporáneos.
The present article proposes to focus on experiences related to sewing that did not necessarily imply being member of a trade, that only occasionally were remunerated, or that involved the transmission of needle craft knowledge considered feminine, in the city of Buenos Aires in the mid-nineteenth century. At a time of intense political and economic change, the aim is to look into the trajectories of women who were dedicated to mending their family’s clothes and occasionally sewing pieces for money, who worked in other people’s homes as maids and maids and whose ability to sew it was speciically required by their employers, elite girls who embroidered in their free time and women employed in teaching girls how to sew in some of the city’s schools. With the tools of social history and through the analysis of the local press, population censuses and municipal documentation, I try to relect on what was considered work (and what was not) at that time and place, what were the ideas of qualiication and what marks of gender, race and class impregnated those senses, for these women and for their contemporaries.
The present article proposes to focus on experiences related to sewing that did not necessarily imply being member of a trade, that only occasionally were remunerated, or that involved the transmission of needle craft knowledge considered feminine, in the city of Buenos Aires in the mid-nineteenth century. At a time of intense political and economic change, the aim is to look into the trajectories of women who were dedicated to mending their family’s clothes and occasionally sewing pieces for money, who worked in other people’s homes as maids and maids and whose ability to sew it was speciically required by their employers, elite girls who embroidered in their free time and women employed in teaching girls how to sew in some of the city’s schools. With the tools of social history and through the analysis of the local press, population censuses and municipal documentation, I try to relect on what was considered work (and what was not) at that time and place, what were the ideas of qualiication and what marks of gender, race and class impregnated those senses, for these women and for their contemporaries.
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